Chapter 6 Values, Ethics, and Advocacy Concepts Flashcards
5 common modes of value transmission
- modeling: children learn what is of high priority by observing.
- moralizing: taught a complete value system by parents or an institution, that allows little opportunity for them to weigh different values
- lassiez-faire: leave children to explore values on their own and develop a personal value system. may lead to confusion and conflict.
- rewards and punishment:
- responsible choice: allow children to explore competing values and to weight their own consequences. support and guidance are offered.
Professional Values: Altruism
a concern for the welfare and well being of others. reflected by the nurses concern for the welfare of the pt, other nurses, and other health car providers
Values: Autonomy
the right to self determination. when the nurse respsects the pts right to make decisions about their healthcare
Values: Human Dignity
respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness of individuals and populations. Professional practice, reflected when the nurse values and respects all pateitns and colleagues
Values: Integrity
acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics, and accepted standards of practice. Integrity is reflected in professional practice when the nurse is honest and provides care based on an ethical framework tht is accepted within the profession
Values: Social Justice
upholding moral, legal, and humanistic principles. Value is reflected in practice when the nurse works to assure equal treatment under the law and equal access to quality health care
3 Steps in the Valuing process
- Choosing: deciding on the value
- Prizing (treasuring): pride, happiness, and public affirmation
- Acting: acts on the value by combining choice and behavior with consistency and regularity
Value Clarification by the nurse
value inherent dignity in nursing practice, freely believe in the worth of each person, realize the option, and believe that respecting each person yields the best consequences.
Prize: enjoy listening to patients, prize the ability to respect human dignity
Acting: uncomfortable with those who do not conform
Care Based Approach
centrality of the caring relationship
promotion of the dignity and respect of patients as people
attention to the particulars of individual patients
cultivation of responsiveness to others and professional responsibility
a redefinition of fundamental moral skills to include virtues like kindness, attentiveness, empathy, compassion, reliability
Virtues of Nurses
competence, compassionate caring, subordination of self-interest to patient interest, self-effacement, trustworthiness, conscientiousness, intelligence, practical wisdom, humility, courage, integrity
Nursing Code of Ethics
succint statement of the ethical obligations and duties of every person who enters the nursing profession, the profressions nonnegotiable ethical standard, expression of nursings own understanding of its commitment to society.
Nursing Standards of Practice
The nurse practices with compassion and respect for the inherent dignity, worth, and unique attributes of every person.
The nurse’s primary commitment is to the patient, whether an individual, family, group, community, or population.
The nurse promotes, advocates for, and protects the rights, health, and safety of the patient.
The nurse has authority, accountability, and responsibility for nursing practice; makes decisions; and takes action consistent with the obligation to promote health and to provide optimal care.
The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to promote health and safety, preserve wholeness of character and integrity, maintain competence, and continue personal and professional growth.
The nurse through individual and collective effort, establishes, maintains, and improves the ethical environment of the work setting and conditions of employment that are conducive to safe, quality health care.
The nurse, in all roles and settings, advances the profession through research and scholarly inquiry, professional standards development, and the generation of both nursing and health policy.
The nurse collaborates with other health professionals and the public to protect human rights, promote health diplomacy, and reduce health disparities.
The profession of nursing, collectively through its professional organizations, must articulate nursing values, maintain the integrity of the profession, and integrate principles of social justice into nursing and health policy.
Moral distress and promote moral resilience
building moreal resilience in four areas; practice, education, research, and policy.
cultivating good relationships, accepting that change is a part of living, refusing to view crises as insurmountable, nurturing a positive view of self and taking care of self, and keeping things in perspective
Making Ethical Decisions:
Assess the situation, diagnose the ethical problem, plan implement your decision, evaluate your decision
Ethically Relevant Considerations
- the balance between benefits and harms in the care of patients.
- disclosure, informed consent, and shared decision making
- norms of family life
- the relationship between clinicians and patients
- the professional integrity of clinicians
- cost effectiveness and allocation
- issues of cultural and/or religious variation
- considerations of power
