Chapter 6 : The Muscular System Flashcards
What are muscles responsible for?
body movement
What are the three types of muscles found in the body?
skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
What are the tissue layers that surround the skeletal muscle?
Endomysium, Perimysium, and epimysium
What does ENDOMYSIUM do?
encloses a single muscle fiber
What does PERIMYSIUM do?
wraps around a bundle of muscle fiber
What does EPIMYSIUM do?
covers the entire skeletal muscle
What are TENDONS?
cordlike structures; often cross a joint because of their toughness and small size
What are APINEUROSES?
broad sheet-like structures; attach muscles indirectly to bones, cartilages, or connective tissue coverings
What are INTERCALTED DISCS
branching cells are joined by gap junctions
What are some of the functions that the skeletal muscle does for the muscular system?
provides force for movement of the skeleton, maintains posture and body position
What is SARCOLEMMA?
cell membrane of skeletal muscle cells
What is MYOFIBRILS?
chains of sacromeres inside the muscle cell
What is SACROPLASMIC RETICULUM?
specialized endoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle cells
What is SACROMERE?
the functional unit of a muscle cells
What is IRRITABILITY?
the ability to receive and respond to a stimulus; stimulates contraction
What is CONTRACTILITY?
ability to forcibly shorten when an adequate stimulus is received
What is EXTENSIBILITY?
ability of muscle cells to be stretched
What is ELASTICITY?
ability to recoil and resume resting length after stretching
What is a MOTOR UNIT?
one motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle cells stimulated by that neuron
What do LARGE motor units provide for the muscle?
Strength and power
What do SMALL motor units provide for the muscle?
Precise control
What is the NEUROTRANSMITTER that stimulates skeletal muscle?
Acetylcholine
