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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 - Skeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

sym-

A

together; joined

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2
Q

syn-

A

together; joined

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3
Q

ankyl/o

A

stiff; bent

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4
Q

aponeur/o

A

aponeurosis

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5
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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6
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

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7
Q

carp/o

A

carpals; wrist

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8
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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9
Q

clavic/o

A

clavicle; collarbone

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10
Q

clavicul/o

A

clavicle; collarbone

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11
Q

cost/o

A

ribs

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12
Q

crani/o

A

cranium

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13
Q

disk/o

A

intervertebral disk

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14
Q

femor/o

A

femur; upper leg bone

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15
Q

fibul/o

A

fibula; upper arm bone

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16
Q

humer/o

A

humerus; upper arm bone

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17
Q

ili/o

A

ilium

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18
Q

ischi/o

A

ischium

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19
Q

kinesi/o

A

movement; motion

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20
Q

kyph/o

A

increased convexity of the spine

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21
Q

lord/o

A

bent forward; increased concavity of the spine

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22
Q

lumb/o

A

loin; lumbar region of the spine

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23
Q

mandibul/o

A

mandible; lower jawbone

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24
Q

maxill/o

A

maxilla; upper jawbone

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25
Q

mensic/o

A

meniscus; crescent

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26
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

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27
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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28
Q

patell/o

A

patella; kneecap

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29
Q

pelv/i

A

pelvis; pelvic bone

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30
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis; pelvic bone

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31
Q

petr/o

A

stone

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32
Q

phalang/o

A

phalanges; bones of finger and toes

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33
Q

pub/o

A

pubis

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34
Q

rachi/o

A

vertebral spine; vertebral column

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35
Q

radi/o

A

nerve root

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36
Q

scapul/o

A

scapula; shoulder blade

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37
Q

scoli/o

A

crooked; curved

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38
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra; spine; vertebral column

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39
Q

stern/o

A

sternum; breastbone

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40
Q

tars/o

A

tarsals; ankle bones

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41
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

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42
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

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43
Q

tend/o

A

tendon

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44
Q

tibi/o

A

tibia; lower leg bone

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45
Q

uln/o

A

ulna; lower arm bone

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46
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra; spine; vertebral column

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47
Q

-asthenia

A

weakness

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48
Q

-clasia

A

break

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49
Q

-clasis

A

break

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50
Q

-clast

A

break

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51
Q

-desis

A

surgical fixation; fusion

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52
Q

-lysis

A

loosening; separating; dissolution

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53
Q

-oid

A

resembling

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54
Q

-physis

A

growth

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55
Q

-rrhaphy

A

suturing; repairing

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56
Q

-sarcoma

A

malignant tumor

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57
Q

-schisis

A

split; fissure

58
Q

-trophy

A

nourishment; development

59
Q

axial skeleton

A

forms the vertical, central axis of the body; includes all bones of the head, neck, chest, and back (80 bones)

60
Q

frontal skull bone

A

forms the forehead

61
Q

parietal skull bone

A

upper lateral sides of the cranium

62
Q

occipital skull bone

A

posterior skull and base of the cranial cavity

63
Q

temporal skull bone

A

lower lateral sides of the cranium

64
Q

sphenoid skull bone

A

“keystone” bone that forms part of the base of the skull and eye sockets

65
Q

ethmoid skull bone

A

forms part of the nose and orbit and base of the cranium

66
Q

auditory ossicles

A

small bones of the middle ear

67
Q

external auditory meatus

A

external opening of the ear and temporal bone

68
Q

zygomatic face bone

A

cheeckbone

69
Q

maxillary face bone

A

upper jaw and hard palate

70
Q

palatine face bone

A

lateral walls of the nose

71
Q

lacrimal face bone

A

walls of the orbit

72
Q

inferior conchae

A

lower lateral wall of the nasal cavity

73
Q

vomer face bone

A

bone that separates the left and right nasal cavity

74
Q

hyoid face bone

A

located between the mandible and larynx; not connected to other bones

75
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

C1-C7; first 7 vertebrae in the neck region

76
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

T1-T12; next 12 vertebrae that form the outward curvature of the spine

77
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

L1-L5; next 5 vertebrae that form the inner curvature of the spine

78
Q

sacrum

A

triangular-shaped bone at the base of the spine

79
Q

coccyx

80
Q

7 true ribs

A

attached to front of the sternum

81
Q

3 false ribs

A

attached to the cartilage that joins the sternum

82
Q

2 floating ribs

A

not attached to the front of the sternum

83
Q

manubrium sternum

A

upper portion of the breast bone

84
Q

body sternum

A

middle portion of breast bone

85
Q

xiphoid process

A

lower portion of breast bone and is made up of cartilage

86
Q

appendicular skeleton

A

includes all bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton; 126 bones

87
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blades

88
Q

clavicle

A

collarbone; connects sternum to scapula

89
Q

acromion

A

extension that forms the bony point of the shoulder

90
Q

humerus

A

bone in the upper arm

91
Q

radius

A

bone that runs thumb-side of the forearm

92
Q

ulna

A

bone that runs on the side of the little finger of the forearm

93
Q

carpals

A

wrist bones

94
Q

metacarpals

A

bones in the palm

95
Q

phalanges

A

finger and toe bones

96
Q

pelvic girdle

A

hip or coxal bone; formed by the fusion of three bones during adolescence

97
Q

illium

A

large part of the hip bone

98
Q

ischium

A

lower portion of pelvic girdle

99
Q

pubis

A

anterior portion of pelvic girdle

100
Q

pelvis

A

consists of 4 bones; left and right hips bones and the sacrum and coccyx

101
Q

acetabulum

A

large socket in the pelvic bones that holds the head of the femur

102
Q

femur

A

thigh bone; largest and strongest bone in the body

103
Q

patella

104
Q

tibia

A

shin bone; main weight-bearing bone of lower leg

105
Q

fibula

A

smaller of the lower leg bones

106
Q

tarsals

A

ankle bones

107
Q

malleolus

A

bony protrusions of the ankle bones

108
Q

talus

A

superior ankle bones

109
Q

calcaneus

A

heel bones

110
Q

metatarsals

A

foot bones

111
Q

synarthrosis joint

A

allow no movement

112
Q

amphiarthrosis joint

A

allow some movement

113
Q

diarthrosis

A

allow for free movement

114
Q

cartilage

A

elastic connective tissue that is found at the ends of bones, nose tip, etc

115
Q

synovial membrane

A

lining or covering of synovial joints

116
Q

ligaments

A

tough, elastic connective tissue that connects bone to bone

117
Q

synovial fluid

A

lubricating fluid found between synovial joints

118
Q

tendons

A

fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

119
Q

bursa

A

closed, fluid-filled sacs that work as a cushion

120
Q

meniscus

A

c-shaped cartilage that acts as shock absorbers between bones

121
Q

osteoporosis

A

bone loss that causes bones to become weak and thin over time

122
Q

arthritis

A

chronic inflammation of the synovial joints

123
Q

osteoarthritis

A

breakdown of cartilage and bone occurs over time when joints are exposed to heavy workloads

124
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

autoimmune and inflammatory disease; inflammation of the joint tissues of the hands, wrists, and knees

125
Q

gout

A

inflammatory arthritis causes by build up of uric acid crystals in a joint

126
Q

myasthenia gravis

A

autoimmune neuromuscular disease that causes weakness in the skeletal muscles

127
Q

fibromyalgia

A

widespread pain, chronic fatigue, GI problems, and headaches

128
Q

osteomyelitis

A

bone infection causes by staphylococcus bacteria traveling through bloodstream from an infection in one part of the body to the bone

129
Q

kyphosis

A

humpback; excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region

130
Q

lordosis

A

swayback; excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region

131
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of vertebral column

132
Q

crepitation or crepitus

A

creaking or popping sound that is heard when fractured bones move against each other

133
Q

closed or simple fractures

A

bones are broken by do not protrude the skin

134
Q

open or compound fracture

A

bones are broken and pierce through the skin

135
Q

transverse fracture

A

bone is broken straight across

136
Q

spiral fracture

A

bone has twisted apart

137
Q

comminuted fracture

A

bones are broken and crushed into pieces

138
Q

greenstick fracture

A

bones are partially broken; occurs mainly in children

139
Q

oblique fracture

A

bones are broken at an angle

140
Q

coles fracture

A

bones are broken at the wrist or distal radius

141
Q

stress fracture

A

small crack in the bone

Medical Terminology (17 decks)

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