Chapter 15 - Urinary System Flashcards
albumin/o
albumin
azot/o
urea; nitrogen
cyst/o
bladder; sac
blast/o
developing cell; germ cell
lith/o
stone; calculus
meat/o
meatus
noct/i
night
pyel/o
renal pelvis
vesic/o
bladder; sac
nephrons
functional units of kidney that cleanse blood and balance constituents of circulation
glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
volume of filtrate formed by kidneys per minute
hydrostatic pressure
pressure produced by fluid against a surface
renin
enzyme produced by granular cells of afferent arteriole
diabetic nephropathy
higher levels of blood sugar can lead to high BP and this extra pressure on kidneys causes destruction of small filtering structures within the kidney
glomerulonephritis
acute or chronic nephritis that involves inflammation of capillaries of renal glomeruli
hydronephrosis
kidneys begin to swell due to retention of urine
polycystic kidney disease
genetic disorder whereby cysts grow inside kidneys
renal cell carcinoma
cancer occurring in kidney tubes where urine is produced or collected
renal failure
kidneys become unable to filter waste products from blood
cystitis
inflammation of urinary bladder, often caused by infection
urinary incontinence
loss of bladder control
adventitial
outermost layer of organs, blood vessels, and other structures in body
albuminuria
albumin in urine
anuria
absence of urine production
azotemia
urea in blood
cystocele
condition in which weakened pelvic muscles cause bladder to move from its normal position
deamination
removal of amino group from molecule
detrusor
muscle which forms a layer of the wall of bladder
diuresis
excess production of urine
dysuria
painful urination
enuresis
involuntary urination
micturition
urination or voiding
lithotripsy
destruction of a calculus (stone) of kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder by physical forces
nocturia
frequent urination at night that interrupts sleep
