chapter 6 section 2 Flashcards
7 diatomic molecules
hydrogen bromine chlorine fluorine iodine nitrogen oxygen
the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
bond energy
the sharing of two pairs of electrons
double bond
when carbon is involved in a molecule, where would you place it when drawing the structure of it
center
neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bonds
molecule
a chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules
molecular compound
three examples of molecular compounds
water, oxygen, and sucrose
indicates the relative number of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical subscripts
chemical formula
shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound
molecular formula
potential energy decreases when
the atoms are drawn together by attractive forces
potential energy is at a minimum when
attractive forces are balanced by repulsive forces
potential energy increases when
repulsion between like charges outweighs attraction between opposite charges
distance between two bonded atoms at their minimum potential energy; average distance between two bonded atoms is the
bond length
the energy required to break a chemical bond and form neutral isolated atoms
bond energy
bond length is represented by what
pm
bond energy is represented by what
kJ/mol
in general, when bond length decreases, bond energy
increases
chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level
octet rule
most main group elements tend to form
covalent bonds
electron configuration notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown, indicated by dots placed around the element’s symbol
electron-dot notation
indicates the kind, number, arrangement, and bonds but not the unshared pairs of the atoms in a molecule
structural formula
covalent bond in which one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
single bond
double and triple bonds are referred to as
multiple bonds
refers to bonding in molecules or ions that cannot be correctly represented by a lewis structure
resonance
