chapter 1 Flashcards
chemistry is
the study of composition, structure, and properties of matter and the changes that matter undergoes
a chemical is
any substance that has a definite composition or is used or produced in a chemical process
basic research is carried out for the sake
of increasing knowledge
applied research is carried out to
solve practical problems.
technological development involves
the use of existing knowledge to make life easier or more convenient.
all matter has
mass and takes up space
mass is one
measure of the amount of matter
chemical properties refer to
a substance’s ability to undergo changes that alter its composition and identity
an element is
composed of one kind of atom.
Compounds are made
from two or more elements in fixed proportions
all substances have
characteristic properties that enable chemists to tell the substances apart and to separate the substances.
physical changes do
not involve changes in identity of a substance
the three major states of matter are
solid, liquid, and gas.
physical changes include
changes of state, such as melting and boiling
in a chemical change
the identity of the substance changes
energy may be
released or absorbed
energy can not be
created or destroyed
matter can be
classified into mixtures and pure substances
groups and families run
up and down
periods and rows run
side to side
elements can be classified as
metals, nonmetals, metalloids, and noble gases
metals tend to be
shiny, malleable, ductile, and tend to be good conductors.
nonmetals tend to be
brittle and tend to be poor conductors.
the noble gases are
unreactive elements.
metalloids are
intermediate in properties between metals and nonmetals. tend to be semi conductors of electricity.
