Chapter 6 Part 1

Question 1

Study of bone structure and treatment methods

Answer 1

Osteology

Question 2

Supports and protects- assist in movement -mineral homeostasis -blood cell production -triglyceride storage

Answer 2

Bone tissue functions

Question 3

Cylindrical portion

Answer 3

Diaphysis (saft) (long bone)

Question 4

Distal and proximal ends

Answer 4

Epiphyses (long bone)

Question 5

Joins diaphysis with epiphyses -ingrowing bones

Answer 5

Metaphysis (long bone)

Question 6

Growth plate,involved in bone growth and length

Answer 6

Ephiphyseal (metaphysis)

Question 7

At age 18-21 ______ stops growing in length and epiphyseal plate is replaced by epiphyseal line -rich in blood and nerve supply

Answer 7

Bones

Question 8

Hyaline cartilage covering epiphysis in synovial joints

Answer 8

Articular cartilage

Question 9

Outer bone covering- permits bone growth in thickness -attachment point for ligaments and tendons

Answer 9

Periosteum

Question 10

Space in diaphysis

Answer 10

Meduallary cavity

Question 11

Membrane lining medullary cavity

Answer 11

Endosteum

Question 12

Matrix surrounding ________ consists of 25% water 25% collagen fiver and 50% salts

Answer 12

Bone cells

Question 13

The most abundant slat hardens bone

Answer 13

Calcium phosphate

Question 14

Contribute to tensile strength

Answer 14

Collagen fibers

Question 15

Bone stem cells that divide to form osteoblast

Answer 15

Osteogenic

Question 16

Immature bone building cells

Answer 16

Osteoblast

Question 17

Mature bone cells that maintain bone tissue

Answer 17

Osteocytes

Question 18

Function in bone resorption; crush bone, controlling blood calcium levels

Answer 18

Osteoclasts

Question 19

Most common and strongest type -forms exterior of all bones -blood vessels penetrate compact bone though horizontal perforating canals

Answer 19

Compact (dense bone)

Question 20

Structural units of compact bone consisting of concentric lamelle, lacunae, canaliculi

Answer 20

Osteons (compact bone)

Question 21

Rings of calcified bone matrix

Answer 21

Concentric lamelle (osteons)

Question 22

Spaces containing osteocytes

Answer 22

Lacumae (osteons)

Question 23

Small channels permitting osteocytes to exchange materials with blood

Answer 23

Canaliculi (osteons )

Question 24

Appeals like sponge that lightens bone -some adults spongy bone contain red bone marrow including axial skeleton, pelvic bone and ends of long bones

Answer 24

Spongy (cancellous) bone

Question 25

Thin plates of bone

Answer 25

Trabeculae (spongy bone)

Question 26

Blood cell production

Answer 26

Hemopoesis (spongy bone)

Question 27

Measure bone density -dark areas; hot spots may indicate bone cancer -Lighter areas; cold spots may indicate osteoporosis

Answer 27

Bone scans

Question 28

Intramembraneous ossification endochondral ossification

Answer 28

Bone formation 2 types

Question 29

Brings before birth -bones are formed directly from mesenchyme; cranial bones and clavicle

Answer 29

Intramembranous ossification

Question 30

Ossification center develop ; osteoblasts secrete matrix -calcification occurs ; salts hardens matrix -spongy bone formed -compact bone replaces most spongy bone

Answer 30

Intramembraneous ossification 4 steps

Question 31

Most common methos involves bone forming directly from cartilage

Answer 31

Endochondral ossification

Question 32

Cartilage model develops; immature cartilage cells called chondroblasts form- growth of cartilage model; interstitial growth lengthens cartilage ; appositional growth thickens cartilage by depositing cartilage on outer surface -primary ossification center develops; bone forms in diaphysis replacing most cartilage

Answer 32

Endochondral ossification 6 steps (1-3)

Question 33

Medullary cavity develops -secondary ossification center develops; bone forms in epiphysis -epiphyseal plate and articular cartilage develop

Answer 33

Endochondral ossification 6 steps (4-6)

Question 34

A connective tissue that remodels and repairs on a daily basis -makes up 18% of body weight

Answer 34

Bone tissue