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Anatomy > Chapter 16 Part 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

4 types of plexuses

A

1.cervical 2.brachial 3.lumbar 4. Sacral

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2
Q

Formed by anterior rami of C1-C5

A

Cervical plexus

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3
Q

Innervates diaphragm & is formed by C3,C4 &C5

A

Phrenic nerve (cervical plexus)

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4
Q

Formed by anterior rami of C5-C8 & T1 supplies upper Limbs

A

Brachial plexus

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5
Q

5 main nerves of brachial plexus

A
  1. Axillary
  2. Musculocutaneous
  3. Radial
  4. Median
  5. Ulnar
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6
Q

_____ nerve injury may result in the inability to pronate forearm

A

Median nerve

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7
Q

____ nerve injury may result in wrist drop; inability to extend wrist and fingers

A

Radial nerve

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8
Q

Formed by anterior rami of L1-L4 -supplies lower limbs

A

Lumbar plexus

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9
Q

Main nerves of lumbar plexus

A
  1. femoral

2. obturator

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10
Q

Formed by anterior rami of L4-L5 & S1-S4

-supplies lower limbs

A

Sacral plexus

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11
Q

Sciatic nerve consists of 2 portions

A

A.tibial

B. Common peroneal

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12
Q

____ nerve injury may result in sciatic pain from buttocks down to posterior thigh and leg

A

Sciatic nerve

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13
Q

Damage to only ____________ may result in foot drop; inability to dorsiflex

A

Common peroneal portion

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14
Q

Inability to dorsiflex

A

Foot drop

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15
Q

Used to withdraw CSF ,inject antibiotics or anethetics

A

Spinal Tap columbar punctures

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16
Q

Needle inserted into _____ space at 14 or below in adult

A

Subarachnoid

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17
Q

Area of skin providing sensory input to CNS by spinal nerves or trigeminal nerve

A

Dermatome

18
Q

All spinal nerves assigned a dermatome except

A

C1

19
Q

Infection of PNS caused by herpes zoster virus, also causes chicken-pox

A

Shingles

20
Q

Contains both sensory and motor tract

A

White matter

21
Q

Name of tract indicates ____ in white matter and where it begins and ends in CNS

A

Column location

22
Q
  • begins in brain
  • ends in cord
  • motor tract
  • located in anterior column of white matter
A

Anterior corticospinal tract

23
Q

Receptors that control muscle tone (contraction) by monitoring muscle length changes

A

Muscle spindles

24
Q

Receptors that monitor tension (stretching) in tendons and muscles

A

Tendon organs

25
Q

Automatic,sudden,involuntary response to stimulus

A

Reflex

26
Q

Are integrated (processed) in brain stem

A

Crainal reflexes

27
Q

Are intergraded in spinal cord

A

Spinal reflexes

28
Q

Reflexes are

A

Nerve impulse pathway

29
Q

5 steps (reflexes)

A
  1. sensory receptor
  2. sensory neuron
  3. integrating center
  4. motor neuron
  5. effector responds
30
Q

Responds to stimulus

A

Sensory receptor

31
Q

Carries impulse to CNS

A

Sensory Neuron

32
Q

Processes stimulus in CNS either 2 ways

A

Integrating center

33
Q

Carried impulse from CNS

A

Motor neuron

34
Q

Skeletal muscles (somatic) or smooth, cardiac muscles and glands (automatic)

A

Effector responds

35
Q

Monosynaptic
1.
2.

A
  1. CNS synapse

2. poly synaptic

36
Q

Spinal somatic reflexes 4 types

A
  1. stretch
  2. tendon
  3. flexor
  4. crossed extensor
37
Q

Muscle spindle receptors monitor muscle length changes -antagonist muscle reflexes -mono synaptic

A

Stretch reflex

38
Q

Stimulates muscle contraction in response to a stretched muscle

A

Knee jerk reflex

39
Q

Impulses enter and exit same side of spinal cord

A

Ipsilateral

40
Q
  • Golgi tendon organ monitors tension in tendons and muscles
  • during leg flex ion quadriceps muscle relaxes protecting tendon and muscle from excessive tention
A

Tendon reflex

41
Q
  • permits antagonistic muscle to contract

- polysynaptic and ipsilateral

A

Tendon reflex

42
Q

Formed by anterior rami of all spinal nerves except T2-T12 (intercostal nerves)

A

Plexuses

Anatomy (32 decks)

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