Chapter 6 - Integumentary System - Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Accessory structures of the skin originate from the epidermis and include…

A

Nails, hair follicles, and skin glands

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2
Q

Each nail consists of a…

A

Nail plate and a nail bed`

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3
Q

The whitish half-moon area is called the…

A

Lunula

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4
Q

Lunula is the most active ____ of the nail…

A

Growth region

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5
Q

Nails grow from epithelial cells that…

A

Divide and become keratinized

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6
Q

At any time, 90% of hair is in the ____ phase.

A

Growth

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7
Q

Each hair develops from a group of epidermal cells at the base of a tubelike depression called a…

A

Hair follicle

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8
Q

The hair follicle extends from the surface into the dermis and contains the…

A

Hair root

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9
Q

The hair root is the portion of hair that is…

A

Embedded in the skin

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10
Q

A hair is composed of dead…

A

Epidermal cells

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11
Q

Genes determine hair colors by directing the type and amount of ____ that epidermal melanocytes produce.

A

Pigment

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12
Q

Androgenetic alopecia is also known as…

A

Pattern baldness

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13
Q

Muscle that attaches to each hair follicle, causes hair to stand up when cold or nervous…

A

Arrector pili muscle

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14
Q

Contain groups of specialized epithelial cells and are usually associate with hair follicles…

A

Sebaceous glands

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15
Q

Sebaceous glands release sebum and are known as…

A

Holocrine glands

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16
Q

Helps keep hairs soft, pliable, and smooth…

A

Sebum

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17
Q

Each of this gland consists of a tiny tube that originates as a ball-shaped coil in the deeper dermis or superficial subcutaneous layer.

A

Sweat gland

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18
Q

The most numerous sweat glands are called…

A

Eccrine glands

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19
Q

Eccrine glands respond to…

A

Body temperature

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20
Q

Sweat is mostly water, but it also contains small amounts of salts and wastes such as…

A

Urea and uric acid

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21
Q

Sweating is also a…

A

Secretory function

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22
Q

Sweat glands that develop a scent as skin bacteria metabolize them are called…

A

Apocrine glands

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23
Q

Apocrine sweat glands become active at puberty and can wet certain areas of the skin when a person is…

A

Emotionally upset, frightened, or in pain

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24
Q

Blackheads and whiteheads are collectively known as…

A

Comedones

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25
Heat is a product of...
Cellular metabolism
26
The major heat producers in the body are the more active cells, such as the...
Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells and cells of the liver
27
When warm blood reaches the \_\_\_\_, the _____ signals muscles in the walls of the dermal blood vessels to relax.
Hypothalamus
28
As dermal blood vessels dilate (vasodilation), more blood enters them, and some of the heat the blood...
Escapes to the outside
29
At the same time as vasodilation, deeper blood vessels contract (vasoconstriction), diverting blood...
To the surface (skin reddens)
30
The primary means of body heat loss...
Radiation
31
Heat moves from the body directly into the molecules of cooler objects in contact with its surface in...
Conduction
32
Continuous circulation of air over a warm surface is called...
Convection
33
When the body temperature rises above normal, the nervous system stimulates eccrine sweat glands to release sweat onto the surface of the skin. As this fluid evaporates, it carries heat away from the surface, cooling the skin. This is called...
Evaporation
34
Body temperature may rise in a condition called...
Hyperthermia (core body temp exceeding 106F)
35
What may result from prolonged exposure to cold or as part of an illness?
Hypothermia
36
# Reverse Nails, hair follicles, and skin glands
Accessory structures of the skin originate from the epidermis and include...
37
# Reverse Nail plate and a nail bed`
Each nail consists of a...
38
# Reverse Lunula
The whitish half-moon area is called the...
39
# Reverse Growth region
Lunula is the most active ____ of the nail...
40
# Reverse Divide and become keratinized
Nails grow from epithelial cells that...
41
# Reverse Growth
At any time, 90% of hair is in the ____ phase.
42
# Reverse Hair follicle
Each hair develops from a group of epidermal cells at the base of a tubelike depression called a...
43
# Reverse Hair root
The hair follicle extends from the surface into the dermis and contains the...
44
# Reverse Embedded in the skin
The hair root is the portion of hair that is...
45
# Reverse Epidermal cells
A hair is composed of dead...
46
# Reverse Pigment
Genes determine hair colors by directing the type and amount of ____ that epidermal melanocytes produce.
47
# Reverse Pattern baldness
Androgenetic alopecia is also known as...
48
# Reverse Arrector pili muscle
Muscle that attaches to each hair follicle, causes hair to stand up when cold or nervous...
49
# Reverse Sebaceous glands
Contain groups of specialized epithelial cells and are usually associate with hair follicles...
50
# Reverse Holocrine glands
Sebaceous glands release sebum and are known as...
51
# Reverse Sebum
Helps keep hairs soft, pliable, and smooth...
52
# Reverse Sweat gland
Each of this gland consists of a tiny tube that originates as a ball-shaped coil in the deeper dermis or superficial subcutaneous layer.
53
# Reverse Eccrine glands
The most numerous sweat glands are called...
54
# Reverse Body temperature
Eccrine glands respond to...
55
# Reverse Urea and uric acid
Sweat is mostly water, but it also contains small amounts of salts and wastes such as...
56
# Reverse Secretory function
Sweating is also a...
57
# Reverse Apocrine glands
Sweat glands that develop a scent as skin bacteria metabolize them are called...
58
# Reverse Emotionally upset, frightened, or in pain
Apocrine sweat glands become active at puberty and can wet certain areas of the skin when a person is...
59
# Reverse Comedones
Blackheads and whiteheads are collectively known as...
60
# Reverse Cellular metabolism
Heat is a product of...
61
# Reverse Skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells and cells of the liver
The major heat producers in the body are the more active cells, such as the...
62
# Reverse Hypothalamus
When warm blood reaches the \_\_\_\_, the _____ signals muscles in the walls of the dermal blood vessels to relax.
63
# Reverse Escapes to the outside
As dermal blood vessels dilate (vasodilation), more blood enters them, and some of the heat the blood...
64
# Reverse To the surface (skin reddens)
At the same time as vasodilation, deeper blood vessels contract (vasoconstriction), diverting blood...
65
# Reverse Radiation
The primary means of body heat loss...
66
# Reverse Conduction
Heat moves from the body directly into the molecules of cooler objects in contact with its surface in...
67
# Reverse Convection
Continuous circulation of air over a warm surface is called...
68
# Reverse Evaporation
When the body temperature rises above normal, the nervous system stimulates eccrine sweat glands to release sweat onto the surface of the skin. As this fluid evaporates, it carries heat away from the surface, cooling the skin. This is called...
69
# Reverse Hyperthermia (core body temp exceeding 106F)
Body temperature may rise in a condition called...
70
# Reverse Hypothermia
What may result from prolonged exposure to cold or as part of an illness?