Chapter 6: Civil Right Court Cases

Question 1

Applicable to the federal government and the states

Answer 1

Equal Protection Clause

Question 2

Does not apply to the private persons or private institutions (country clubs/yahts)

Answer 2

Equal Protection Clause

Question 3

By Law

Answer 3

De Jure Segregation

Question 4

In Fact

Answer 4

De Facto Segregation

Question 5

Separate but Equal is constitutional

Answer 5

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Question 6

Classification by race is okay with equal treatment

Answer 6

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Question 7

Doesn’t violate equal protection clause

Answer 7

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Question 8

Legal restrictions that curtail the civil rights of a single radical group
Not all restrictions are unconstitutional

Answer 8

Korematsu v. US (1944)

Question 9

Classification causes inferiority and violates equal protection clause- desegregated schools

Answer 9

Brown v. Board of Education Topeka, Kansas (1954)

Question 10

With deliberate Speed

Answer 10

Brown II

Question 11

Bussing to achieve Brown mandate

Answer 11

Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg BOE

Question 12

Desegregated public accomodations

Answer 12

Title II of 1964 Civil Rights Act

Question 13

Create equal employment opportunities commission- Takes complaints and brings cases against employers

Answer 13

Title VII of 1964 Civil Rights Act

Question 14

Congress has the power to force desegregation public accommodations through commerce clause

Answer 14

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US (1964)

Question 15

Marrying solely on racial classification violates equal protection

Answer 15

Loving v. Virginia (1967)

Question 16

Disabled are given protected minority status and employers must give reasonable accomodations

Answer 16

Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)

Question 17

Government policies that ensure equality of treatment regardless of class, racial being, ethnicity, or sex

Answer 17

Equality v. Freedom

Question 18

An equal chance to develop regardless of social group

Answer 18

Equality of Opportunity

Question 19

Allocation of jobs or admissions based on factors other than ability

Answer 19

Equality of Outcome

Question 20

Whether intended as a consequence any statue which discriminates is unconsitutional

Answer 20

Purpose Test Effect

Question 21

Accepts some affirmative actions- schools can use it as a plus factor, but not the factor

Answer 21

Regent of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)

Question 22

University of Michigan’s individualized consideration of race in law school admissions is constitutional

Answer 22

Grutter v. Bollinger (2003)

Question 23

Awarding 20pt. for race makes university of michigan undergraduate affirmative action plan unconstitutional

Answer 23

Gratz v. Bollinger (2003)

Question 24

City of Hartford violated the civil rights act of 1964 by discarding the firefighter promotion test

Answer 24

Ricci v. Destefano (2009)

Question 25

Both cases eliminate affirmative action in college admissions

Answer 25

Students for fair admissions inc. v. Harvard college (2023)
Students for fair admissions inc. v. UNC (2023)

Question 26

Title IX of education amendment of 1972 requires equal spending by sex in universities if and federal money is used, all with be cut is colleges don’t spend equal amounts

Answer 26

Grove City College v. Bell (1984)

Question 27

Virginia Military Institute must accept women

Answer 27

US v. Virginia (1996)

Question 28

Personal autonomy, sexual orientation, and conflict between freedom and order

Answer 28

Gay Rights

Question 29

Only heterosexual conduct is protected by constitutions

Answer 29

Hardwick v. Bowers (1986)

Question 30

Consenting adults in the privacy of their home isn’t protected in the constitution

Answer 30

Zone of Privacy

Question 31

Military policy banning gays

Answer 31

Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell

Question 32

Repealed by Obama

Answer 32

Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell

Question 33

Defines marriage as between those of opposite sex

Answer 33

Defense Marriage Act (1996)

Question 34

Boy Scouts have the right to bar homosexuals because it’s an private organization)

Answer 34

Boy Scouts of America v. Dale (2000)

Question 35

Government can’t criminalize private sexual behavior

Answer 35

Lawrence v. Texas

Question 36

Gay Couples in married states where same sex marriage is legal, must receive the same benefits as homosexual couples

Answer 36

US v. Windsor