Chapter 6 Flashcards
When stretched out, the small intestine is about _____ feet long, but in the body it is looped tightly within the relatively small abdominal cavity.
22
The duodenum is shortest in length, at just about a ______.
1
The ___________ receives the semifluid, partially digested stomach contents, or chyme, as well as exocrine secretions from the liver and pancreas.
duodenum
The ________ is about 8 feet long and is responsible for most of the chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients.
jejunum
The _______ is the final section of the small bowel and is the longest section at 13 feet.
ileum
The large intestine includes the ______, ________ and ________.
cecum
colon
rectum
The ________ performs more than 200 functions in the body.
liver
The _________ is the largest reservoir of blood in the body.
liver
The ___________’s function is to modify and store bile.
gallbladder
The _________ functions in digestion as an exocrine organ, secreting digestive enzymes, bicarbonate, electrolytes, and water.
pancreas
Food progresses through the GI tract by a process called ___________.
mastication
The _________ nerve plays a pivotal role in gastric emptying by affecting the motility of the GI tract by controlling the contraction and dilation of sphincters and smooth muscle.
vagus nerve
_________ is the process of breaking down food into components to be used for nutrition for the body at the cellular level.
Digestion
The _______ intestine is the primary site for absorption of fluid and nutrients.
small
The _________ intestine is the primary site of absorption of water and salts.
large
Fever, for example, indicates that an infection may be present; typically a temperature of _______ degrees or greater is considered significant.
100.3
_________ bowel sounds may signal gastroenteritis or early bowel obstruction.
Hyperactive
Pain when the pressure is released, call “____________” is a classic sign of peritoneal irritation.
rebound tenderness
________ disease affects about 5 million people in the United States and is the most common cause of GI bleeding, representing about 60% of cases.
Peptic Ulcer
The gastric mucosa secretes __________ and _________, the stomach is an acidic environment.
hydrochloric acid
pepsinogen
_________ in peptic ulcer disease can be severe.
Bleeding
________ occur when blood flow through the liver is restricted.
Varices