Chapter 10 Flashcards
The syndrome-like symptoms of a class or group of similar poisonous agents are termed a toxic syndrome, or ___________.
toxidrome
_______, a state of unconsciousness or deep sedation from which the patient cannot be aroused by an external stimulus, is a common symptom of intoxication.
coma
CNS excitation can lead to____________.
seizures
In a toxicologic emergency, _______ may be caused directly by the drug effect, rather than by volume depletion.
tachycardia
A variety of plant and drug toxicities and chemical exposures can cause ____________.
bradycardia
One vital sign that is often overlooked or inaccurately recorded is _______.
respiratory rate
An increase in the depth of breathing is referred to as ________.
hyperpnea
More recently, _________, a vitamin B12 precursor, has been approved for the treatment of cyanide toxicity.
hydroxocobalamin
____________-related liver injury is the leading cause of acute liver failure in the United States, making it a far more common cause of liver failure than acute viral hepatitis.
acetaminophen
_________ (kidney damage) may occur with or without liver injury.
Nephrotoxicity
________ poisonings no antidote.
Salcylate
_________ are frequently prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, CAD, CHF, arrhythmia, migraine headache prophylaxis, and anxiety disorders.
Beta-Blockers
________ is often referred to as the antidote for beta-adrenergic toxicity.
Glucagon
In pancreatic cells, ______ influx triggers insulin release.
calcium
_______ work by blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters, extending the duration of their action.
Tricyclic Antidepressants
_______ is an agent used to treat bipolar disorder, also known as “manic-depressive” illness.
Lithium
______ is the active compound found in khat leaves, which are commonly chewed by people in Eastern Africa for their stimulant.
Cathinone
Individuals who ingest packets of drugs while evading police are commonly known as _________.
stuffers
_____, people who smuggle large amounts of drugs by ingesting them, require admission to the ICU when they are identified.
Packers
________ was used extensively to treat seizure disorders before the advent of newer anticonvulsants.
Phenobarbitol
_________ act primarily through GABA receptor binding
Barbituates
A ________ is a bolus of heroin and cocaine injected IV.
speed ball
_______ is structurally similar to opioids but has only antagonistic properties.
Naloxone
______ passes easily through the blood-brain barrier.
Ethanol
________ a cofactor needed to process ethanol, may be indicated after heavy alcohol us.
Thiamine
______, the primary psychoactive component of marijuana.
THC
_______ intoxication lasts about 8 - 12 hours, but the psychotic effects of the drug may persist for days.
LSD
_____ is a disassociate anesthetic with hallucinogenic properties.
PCP