Chapter 1 Flashcards
___________ uses various communication techniques and strategies, both verbal and nonverbal, to encourage patients to express how they are feeling and to achieve a positive, empathetic relationship with the patient.
Therapeutic Communication
EMS providers carry out for principal communication tasks called the 4 E’s:
Engagement Enlistment Empathy Patient Education
_______ is the connection between you and your Patients.
Engagement
______ refers to your sincere identification with the patient’s feelings of anxiety, pain, fear, panic or loss.
Empathy
________ fortifies your bond by letting patients know what is happening and what you are doing.
Patient Education
_______ involves encouraging patients to participate in their own care and treatment decisions.
Enlistment
________ communication, which includes facial expression, body language, and eye contact, is a powerful form of communication.
Nonverbal
_______ is essential when such a complete assessment must be made.
Patience
Your ________ language should reassure patients that you are there to help.
nonverbal
As a general rule, communicate with patients using _______ matched to their knowledge and understanding.
terminology
________ involves good judgment combined with a knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and pathology seasoned by clinical experience to direct questioning about the patient’s complaint.
Clinical reasoning
A _________ is a working hypothesis of the nature of the problem.
differential diagnosis
A __________ is the presumed cause of the patient’s condition.
Working diagnosis
____________ is a process where decisions are made about a patient’s healthcare problems and appropriate therapeutic interventions are considered and implemented to improve the patient’s outcome
clinical decision making
_________ is a process of recognizing and classifying data (pattern) based on knowledge and experience.
Pattern recognition
The _______ is what the patient, family member, or friend reports to you as his or her primary concern.
chief complaint
_________ are conditions and complaints recognized by medical providers as key concerns.
Cardinal presentations
assessment of the patient’s mental status, or level of consciousness involves evaluation of _____ .
brain function.
LOC is associated with the function of the _____ and the cerebral hemispheres.
Reticular Activating System
The _____ is located in the upper brainstem and is responsible for maintenance of consciousness, especially a person’s level of arousal.
RAS
_______ is a high-level neurologic function and demonstrates a response to person, place, and time.
Awareness
The ______, used to assess victims of trauma or critical medical illness, is an effective toolbar assessing neurologic function and is particularly important in establishing a patient’s baseline LOC.
Glasgow Coma Scale
A GCS of ______ or less often indicates the need for aggressive airway management.
8
A _____ airway allows good airflow and is free from fluids, secretions, teeth and other types of foreign bodies the may obstruct airflow.
patent
The patient’s respiratory rhythm should be ____, _____ and ______.
easy regular pain free
_____ is a condition in which too little oxygen is available to the body’s tissues
Hypoxia
Hyperventilation will lead to respiratory ______.
alkalosis
An elevated level of carbon dioxide in the blood caused by hypoventilation is called ________.
hypercarbia
Gurgling and stridor are _______ airway sounds.
upper
Pulse quality is described as _____, ____, ____, _____ or ______.
Absent Weak Thready Bounding Strong
______ is calculated by substring diastolic pressure from systolic pressure.
Pulse Pressure
A narrowing pulse pressure may indicate _______ or ______.
shock cardiac tamponade
You should think of your initial impression of the patient as a _________ assessment.
visual
Chest pain patient holding a fist on the chest, known as ________ sign.
Levine
Decorticate posturing indicates dysfunction of the ___________.
Cerebral cortex
______ pain is from internal organs and often vague and difficult to localize.
Visceral
_____ pain can be precisely located and more likely to be sharp or stabbing in nature.
Somatic
The _____ pin scale is a useful alternative for children or patients who may not be able to communicate verbally.
Wong-Baker Faces
______ are the subjective perceptions of what the patient feels, such as nausea, or has experienced, such a sensation of flashing lights.
Symptoms
______ are objective data that you or another healthcare professional have observed, touched, smelled, etc.
Signs
______ is the tension exerted by blood on the arterial walls.
Blood Pressure
_______ is an irregularity that occurs when systolic BP falls more than 10mmHg on inspiration.
Pulsus Paradoxus
________ lung sounds are auscultated over the anterior and posterior part of the chest.
Vesicular
______ sounds are auscultated over the main bronchi
Bronchovesicular
If deep breathing causes pain or discomfort, the patient may have underlying ______ or a ___________.
pleurisy pulmonary embolism
_____ are abnormal sounds sometimes heard when the carotid arteries are auscultated.
Bruits
A fine tremor or vibration that can identify a blockage can be felt; these are commonly called _______.
thrills
S3 an S4 heart sounds are called _______.
gallops
Upper right quadrant tenderness that worsens with inspiration, known as __________ sign, is an indication of the presence of gallstones and cholecystitis.
Murphy’s
An increase in pain on removal of gentle pressure is called _________.
rebound tenderness
________ is the name of the area over the right side of the abdomen that is a third of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to the umbilicus.
McBurney point
Look behind the patient’s ears to assess for bruising (___________)
Battle sign
Overly thick nails or nails that have lines running parallel to the finger often suggest a ___________.
fungal infection
Some patients may present with _________, characterized by pupils that are noticeably unequal in size.
Anisocoria
Auscultate the carotid arteries with the _____ of the stethoscope to assess for any bruits.
bell
Uniateral paralysis
Hemiparesis
Unilateral weakness
hemiplegia
_______ (unsteady gait) may indicate damage from toxicity or chronic neurologic dysfunction.
Ataxia
_______ are involuntary motor responses to specific sensory stimuli.
Reflexes
_____ measure peak expiratory flow rate, or the rate at which a patient can breathe out.
Peak flow meters
______ is used to monitor carbon dioxide levels in exhaled gases, or end total CO2.
Capnography
Hypoventilation causes retention of CO2, leading to respiratory _________.
acidosis
______ - the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of medications.
Pharmacokinetics
________ is an excessive amount of weight relative to height.
Obesity
A BMI or 39 or greater, or being 100 lb or more overweight, constitutes ______.
morbid obesity
Morbidly obese persons may develop pulmonary hypertension and right sided heart failure, known as ________.
cor pulmonale
In the early stages or pregnancy, usually the 5th to 10th weeks, abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and signs of shock can indicate _______.
ectopic pregnancy
Fever and severe abdominal pain are symptoms of _______.
endomitritis
