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KIN 207 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are ballistic skills?

A
  • the performer applies force to an object to project it
    E.g. throwing, kicking, striking, punting
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2
Q

What are the 3 forms of throwing?

A
  • underhand
  • sidearm
  • overarm
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3
Q

What are the 2 forms of assessments of throwing?

A
  • product measures (outcome): accuracy, distance, ball velocity
  • process measures (movement pattern): developmental sequences
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4
Q

What are some characteristics of early overarm throwing?

A
  • elbow is pointed up
  • throw is executed by elbow extension alone
  • limited trunk action
  • no step
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5
Q

What are some characteristics of proficient overarm throwing?

A
  • uses preparatory windup
  • thrower steps opposite leg forward
  • differentiated trunk rotation
  • upper arm and forearm lag
  • movements are sequential to transfer momentum
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6
Q

What is the typical sequence of an overarm throw?

A
  1. Forward step and pelvic rotation
  2. Upper spine rotation and upper arm swing
  3. Upper arm inward rotation and elbow extension
  4. Release
  5. Follow-through
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7
Q

What are validated developmental sequences

A

These are sequences of advances in the performance of a skill
A progression of steps seen as a performer acquired a skill or particular element of a motor skill
Sequences of advances in performance of a skill that have been determined by longitudinal study and shown to fall in the same fixed order for all individuals

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8
Q

What is a block rotation?

A

Everything moves all at once
E.g. upper and lower trunk

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9
Q

What is a homolateral step?

A

Side step

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10
Q

What is a short contralateral step

A

Small step

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11
Q

What is a long contralateral step?

A

A more forceful step

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12
Q

What are the differences between sexes in the throwing skill?

A

Females were behind

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13
Q

What are some important considerations in regards to the sex differences in throwing?

A
  • instruction and practice may help females in their skill development
  • cultural practices
  • sociocultural factors
  • consider the interaction of individual, task, and environmental constraints
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14
Q

What are some developmental changes in overarm throwing in adults?

A
  • demonstrate moderately advanced steps
  • differences between sexes (less of a gap)
  • ball velocities are moderate
  • musculoskeletal constraints
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15
Q

What happens when you switch to throwing for accuracy?

A
  • may use lower developmental steps
  • developmental steps change based on distance of throw
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16
Q

What skills must a kicker have?

A

Perceptual abilities
Eye-foot coordination

17
Q

What are some characteristics of proficient kicking?

A
  • Preparatory windup
  • trunk rotates
  • movement is sequential
  • full ROM
  • arms move in opposition to legs a
18
Q

What should we look for when assessing kicking?

A
  • placement of support foot
  • ROM and pre contact extension in the kicking leg
  • range of trunk motion
  • arm opposition
19
Q

What is a punt?

A

A form of kicking where an object is dropped from the individual’s handed before impact with the foot

20
Q

What are some characteristics of early punting

A
  • ball is tossed up rather than dropped
  • arms drop to sides
  • rigid extension of kicking leg knee
  • punter often contacts ball with toes rather than instep
21
Q

What are some characteristics of proficient punting?

A
  • Arms are extended to drop ball before final stride
  • arms then drop to sides and move into opposition to legs
  • punter leaps onto supporting leg and swings punting leg vigorously up to make contact
  • punting leg is kept (nearly) straight; toes are pointed at contact
22
Q

What are some characteristics of early sidearm striking?

A
  • chopping motion (elbow extension)
  • little leg and trunk movement
23
Q

What are some developmental changes in sidearm striking?

A
  • sequences for foot and trunk in overarm throw can be used
  • proficient stepping and weight transfer improve skill
  • use of trunk rotation
  • plane of swing progresses from vertical to horizontal
  • grip changes from power grip to “shake hands” grip
24
Q

What is overarm striking?

A

A form of striking where the arm travels above the shoulder level
- can be with or without an implement

25
Q

What are some characteristics of early overarm striking?

A
  • trunk rotation is limited
  • striker swings with collapsed elbow
  • there is little or no lag with swing forward
  • movement looks like early throwing
26
Q

What are some characteristics of proficient overarm striking?

A
  • lower and upper trunk are rotated more than 90 degrees
  • elbow is held between 90 and 119 degrees at start of forward movement
  • racket lags behind arm in forward swing
  • movement is sequential

KIN 207 (13 decks)

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