Chapter 6

Question 1

Muscle fibers Definition

Answer 1

Muscle cells that are long cells

(made of long thin myofibrils)

Question 2

Myoglobin Definition

Question 3

Fascia Definition

Answer 3

Muscles covered by connective tissue

Question 4

Fascicles Definition

Answer 4

Bundles of muscle cells

Question 5

Myofibrils Definition

Answer 5

Bundles of myofilaments that contracts

Question 6

Sacromere Definition

Question 7

Involuntary Definition

Answer 7

Smooth muscles
Muscles found in the walls of many internal organs

*Aid in function of other organs

(digestive tract, respiratory system, blood vessels)

Cardiac muscles
Found only in the heart

*Functions by contracting to force blood from the heart into the arteries

Question 8

Voluntary Definition

Answer 8

Skeletal muscles attached to the skeleton

• Usually work in pairs

Question 9

Origin Definition

Answer 9

Muscle attached to the bone that remains stationary during movement

Question 10

Insertion Definition

Answer 10

Muscle attached to bone that moves

Question 11

Functions of Skeletal Muscles
(5)

Answer 11

1.Support the body – maintain our posture
2. Movement of bones, and other tissues
3. Help maintain a constant body temperature
– generates heat
4. Helps move blood through the veins and
lymphatic fluid through the lymphatic
vessels
5. Help to protect vital organs and stabilize
joints

Question 12

Sacrolemma Definition

Answer 12

Plasma membrane

Question 13

Sacroplasm Definition

Answer 13

Similar to cytoplasm, contains large amount of stored glycogen and myoglobin

Question 14

Myoglobin Definition

Answer 14

Oxygen binding protein similar to hemoglobin, only found in muscles

Question 15

Sarcoplasmic reticulum Definition

Answer 15

Similar to endoplasmic reticulum, one of its functions is to store Ca2+

(Calcium)

Question 16

Transverse tubules (T tubules) definition

Answer 16

Extension of sarcolemma that come in contact with sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

Actin filaments Definition

Answer 17

Filaments that form by two strands of protein actin, Attached to Z line

Question 18

Myosin Definition

Answer 18

Thick filaments of protein ,shaped like golf club , with found “head”

Question 19

Cross-bridges Definition

Answer 19

Myosin heads bind and detach from thin actin filaments. When bound its called ->

Question 20

Steps of muscle contraction
1-11

Answer 20

1. Action potentials are transmitted through the neurons.
2. At the end of the neurons neurotransmitters are released
3. Neurotransmitters bind to receptor on the sarcolemma
4. The receptors are ion channels that open
5. An action potential travels through the T tubules
6. The action potential goes to the sarcoplasmic reticulum
7. The sarcoplasmic reticulum releases Ca2+.
8. The calcium binds to the actin filament
9. This opens up binding site for the myosin to attach
10. Now the myosin binds to the actin
11. ATP is needed for the myosin to slide past the actin

Question 21

ATP definition

Answer 21

The bonds between phosphate groups are high energy bonds