Chapter 6

Question 1

Antecedents

Answer 1

The stimuli that come BEFORE/DURING a response that influence the target behaviour.
* Antecedents = the stimuli from
environment (controlling conditions)
* Behaviour = target behaviour
* Consequences = response after that
increases/decreases behaviour
= ABCs of behaviour

Question 2

Discriminative
Stimuli

Answer 2

Type of antecedent that impacts
the performance of a response
SD – sets the occasion for a
response to be reinforced,
increases the strength
SΔ – does not set the occasion
for a response to be reinforced,
extinguishes the strength

Question 3

Discriminative Training

Answer 3

Must to both at the same time (at least
initially):
* Response is Extinguished in the presence
of SΔ
* Response is reinforced/strengthened in the
presence of SD
= Discrimination Training

Question 4

Stimulus
Control

Answer 4

Happens frequently in the
presence of SD frequently
* Happens rarely in the
presence of SΔ
* Performed with a short
latency (time period) after SD

Question 5

Faulty
Discriminations

Answer 5

Inappropriate antecedent stimuli:
* “Triggered” by certain
environments to engage in a
behaviour
* To change the behaviours,
you change the environment
* Can be internal or external
triggers

Question 6

Prompts

Answer 6

Verbal
* Instructions, threats
Non-verbal
* Gestures, pictures

Question 7

Rule-Governed
Behaviour

Answer 7

Acts as an antecedent (SD)
* Self-instructions (using the ABCs)
* Can impact behaviour immediately
or in the future
Example: Sally giggling in class
* A = in the classroom
* B = completing schoolwork
without giggling
* C = student award

Question 8

Stimulus Fading

Answer 8

Transferring from one SD → another SD
* Used to establish new behaviours or increase
behaviours of a low frequency
* Shaping: gradually change the response
through shifting the criteria that gets
reinforced
* Fading: gradually alter the antecedent
stimulus and still get the same response

Question 9

Stimulus
Generalization

Answer 9

If happens in an SD → occurs in other SD
with similar properties
* More similar = more generalization
* Needed for human adaptation and
survival
* We can’t learn how to respond in
EVERY single situation
* Need to be able to generalize what
we learned to other similar
situations
* Necessary for inpatient treatment
→ outpatient settings
* Like response class, there is a
stimulus class (e.g., authority
figures)