Chapter 5

Question 1

Response
Class

Answer 1

A “class” of responses/behaviours
Where not only one response is reinforced, but a whole group of them
There may be different types (topography), but
they all serve the same function
Gets differentiated when there is one response
that is reinforced as the desired response
Example: Talking about sports in general versus baseball only

Question 2

Differential Reinforcement of
Other (DRO) Procedure

Answer 2

Reinforce any behaviour other
than the undesired behaviour
* Hard to manage if engage in
other undesired behaviour
Differential Reinforcement of
Incompatible (DRI)
* Habit Reversal Therapy (HRT)
* Incompatible behaviour
cannot be performed
simultaneously as the target
behaviour
* Interferes with the target
response
other: Functional Communication
Training (FCT)

Question 3

shaping

Answer 3

A technique to develop a response that
differs from members of an existing class

Question 4

Shaping and successive approximations

Answer 4

Successive Approximations: Use
differential reinforcement for a
response class, and then shift to
another response class, over and over
until arrived at the behaviour that
most closely approximates the target
response.
* Typically for a new behaviour that
rarely occurs

Question 5

Shaping steps

Answer 5

1. Specify target behaviour
2. Specify the positive reinforcer to be used
3. Specify initial and intermediate responses
4. Reinforce the initial response at first, until
   performing consistently
5. Shift the criterion to intermediate responses
6. Reinforce the intermediate responses, until
   performing each consistently
7. Reinforce the target response only, until performing
   consistently

Question 6

Effective shaping strategies

Answer 6

Instructions and prompting
are used at each step
Demonstration and modeling is useful
Physical guidance (when
appropriate)
Punishment can be used (when
appropriate) –“hot/cold” game