Chapter 57: Thyroid Gland- Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Define the arterial blood supply to the thyroid

A

Two arteries:

  1. Superior thyroid artery (first branch of the external carotid artery)
  2. Inferior thyroid artery (branch of the thyrocervical trunk) (IMA artery rare)
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2
Q

What is the venous drainage of the thyroid?

A
  • Superior thyroid vein
  • Middle thyroid vein
  • Inferior thyroid vein
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3
Q

Name the thyroid lobe appendage coursing toward the hyoid bone
from around the thyroid isthmus

A

Pyramidal lobe

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4
Q

What percentage of patients have a pyramidal lobe?

A

≈50%

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5
Q

Name the lymph node (LN) group around the pyramidal thyroid lobe.

A

Delphian LN group

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6
Q

What is the thyroid isthmus?

A

Midline tissue border between the left and right thyroid lobes

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7
Q

Which ligament connects the thyroid to the trachea?

A

Ligament of Berry

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8
Q

Which paired nerves must be carefully identified during a
thyroidectomy?

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerves

  • which are found in the tracheoesophageal grooves
  • dive behind the cricothyroid muscle
  • damage to these nerves paralyzes laryngeal abductors and causes hoarseness if unilateral, and airway obstruction if bilateral
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9
Q

What other nerve is at risk during a thyroidectomy and what are the
symptoms?

A

Superior laryngeal nerve; if damaged, patient will have a deeper and quieter voice (unable to hit high pitches)

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