Chapter 5.1 Introduction to Sampling

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

is large group of interest to a researcher

Question 2

Sample

Answer 2

the small set of individuals who participate in the study

Question 3

target population

Answer 3

a group defined by the researcher’s specific interests. Typically share one characteristic.

Question 4

accessible population

Answer 4

Local and accessible population

Question 5

Representetiveness of a sample

Answer 5

refers to the extent to which the characteristics of the sample accurately reflect the characteristics of the population

Question 6

Representative sample

Answer 6

is a sample with the same characteristics as the population

Question 7

biased sample

Answer 7

is a sample with different characteristics from those of the population

Question 8

Selection bias or sampling bias

Answer 8

occurs when participants or subjects are selected in a manner that increases the probability of obtaining a biased sample

Question 9

Law of large numbers

Answer 9

large sample is probably more representative than a small sample

Question 10

sampling

Answer 10

process of selecting individuals

Question 11

sampling methods

Answer 11

probability sampling, random process; nonprobability sampling

Question 12

probability sampling

Answer 12

the exact size of population must be known an it must be possible to list all of the individuals; each individual must have a specified probability of selection; When the group of individuals are all assigned the same probability, the process must be unbiased and random: equal chance to be selected and every possible outcome is equally likely. For example toss a coin means 2 consequences equally.

Question 13

nonprobability sampling

Answer 13

The population is not completely known, individual probabilities cannot be known, and the sampling method is based on factors such as commonsense or ease, with an effort to be unbiased