Chapter 3.5 Other Aspects of Measurement

Question 1

Range Effect

Answer 1

For example i have a study of aggression affected by heat on people who have high aggression level in their regular. There is no room for improvement. It is called ceiling effect. Similarly, they can be clustered at the low end of the scale can produce floor effect. When task is too difficult or easy. The measurements procedure has no fault but individual choice has the fault.

Question 2

Artifacts

Answer 2

They are nonnatural feature accidentally introduced into something being observed. External factor and may influence or distort the measurements.

Question 3

Experimenter Bias

Answer 3

occurs when the measurements obtained in a study are influenced by experimenter’s expectations or personal beliefs.

Question 4

Single blind

Answer 4

If the researcher does not know the predicted outcome

Question 5

Double blind

Answer 5

if both the researcher and the participants are unaware of the predicted outcome. Getting placebo but neither experimenter nor participants know who are taking the real drug etc

Question 6

Demand Characteristics

Answer 6

refer to any of the potential cues of a study that suggest to participants what the purpose is or influence the participants to respond or behave in certain way

Question 7

Reactivity

Answer 7

occurs when participant modify their natural behavior in response to the fact that they are participating in a research study or the knowledge that they are being measured

Question 8

The good subject role

Answer 8

These participants have identified the hypothesis of the study and are trying to produce responses that supports the investigator’s hypothesis

Question 9

The negativistic subject role

Answer 9

these participants have identified the hypothesis of the study and are trying to act contrary to the investigator’s hypothesis. reflecting their anger to sabotage the study

Question 10

The apprehensive Subject role

Answer 10

These participants are overly concerned that their performance in the study will be used to evaluate their abilities or personal characteristics. Put a desirable light on themselves.

Question 11

The faithful Subject role

Answer 11

These participants attempt to follow instructions to the letter and avoid acting on any suspicions they have about the purpose of the study. Those who want to help science or those who are simply apathetic and do not give the study much thought.

Question 12

Laboratory

Answer 12

is any setting that is obviously devoted to the discipline of science. It can be any room or any space that the subject perceives as artificial

Question 13

A field

Answer 13

setting is a place that the participant perceieves in a natural environment