Chapter 5 - The human resource management function: the employment cycle Flashcards
What are the 2 things job analysis examine?
- job activities
- experience
What are 2 benefits of job design?
- greater job satisfaction may result in lower staff turnover: employees want to do their best
- good job design takes into consideration employees needs and how the job can be more enjoyable
What are types of 3 ways a job can be designed? (job design)
job rotation - employees switch jobs for a period of time
job enlargement - employees given more things to do in same job
job enrichment - employees given more control and independence
What are 2 advantages of internal recruitment?
- employer already knows how the employee works and the employee is already familiar with bus’s operation
- Often occurs when person is promoted which provides a strong motivation for current employees
What are 2 disadvantages of internal recruitment?
- Might be someone externally who can perform the job better
- May not be able to bring in new perspectives from other organisations that can potentially transform the business
What are 2 ways an organisation may recruit someone externally?
Recruitment agencies
Advertisements in the media
What are 2 disadvantages of poor selection?
- training costs, if poorly qualified staff are selected
- job dissatisfaction if job doesn’t meet expectations of candidates selected (lower productivity)
What 3 devices can be used in the selection process?
- Resume: candidates outline info about themselves
- Interviews: well structured and common q’s to ensure consistent basis for selection
- Medical examinations: some jobs require certain attributes
What are two types of permanent employment? (most secure)
full time (usually 38hrs a week) part time (agreed no. of hours)
How can remuneration be paid?
in the form of a wage or a salary
what are 2 incentives an organisation can provide for employees?
financial incentives (bonuses, allowances) other rewards (company car, laptop)
What are 2 main types of on-costs?
Superannuation
Annual leave
What are 2 advantages of an induction program?
- outlines employees responsibilities (employees know what is expected from them from the start)
- helping to establish good working relations with co-workers and supervisors (reduces stress)
What are 2 benefits of training and development for employees?
- opportunity for promotion because they are able to take on more responsibility
- improved job satisfaction through better job performance
What are 2 benefits of training for the organisation?
- Higher productivity through better job performance
- reduced costs to fewer errors and accidents
What are 2 types of training methods available to organisations? plus 1 example of each
On-the-job experience - coaching (on the job mentoring programs)
going to a conference - developing knowledge, which gives you the skills you need
what are 2 advantages of a recognition and rewards program?
- makes employees feel more valued as their hard work is noticed
- recognising/rewarding employee performance helps organisations become more productive
What are 2 intrinsic rewards?
job - interesting work, responsibility
What are 2 types of extrinsic rewards?
pay increase, company car
what are the 2 objectives of a performance appraisal?
Identify - employees training and development needs
Measurement - act as a measurement from which promotions/pay rises can be determined
what are 2 ways you can help people when terminating them? (ethics and social responsibility) plus examples
- outplacement services eg. interview skills workshops
- transition services eg. counselling and financial assistance (paid for by organisation)
what are 2 entitlements the HR manager must consider in termination?
- redundancy pay
- Annual leave balance
what is a summary dismissal and dismissal on notice?
summary dismissal - employee commits serious breach of contract and leaves straight away
dismissal on notice - employee is not performing job well and has a set time to leave
what must a manager think about when terminating employees?
- minimising trauma for employee
- make sure it doesn’t effect the morale of remaining staff
What are the 4 processes associated with the establishment phase?
- job analysis and job design
- human resource planning related to bus strategy
- recruitment and selection (internal, external)
- employee arrangements (full time, part time etc.)
what are the 4 processes associated with the maintenance phase?
- induction
- training and development
- recognition and rewards
- performance management
what are 2 processes associated with the termination phase?
- entitlement (making sure redundancy is paid out)
- transition issues (e.g outplacement services, transition services)
What are 3 things a HR manager must plan in relation to business strategy? (HR planning) how, what who
- The number of employees required (how many)
- Their qualifications, including skills, previous experience and knowledge (who)
- When and where these employees will be needed (what do they need to do)
what is an example of the relationship between HR planning and bus strategy?
objective = increased profitability by reducing bus costs HR = must avoid having too many employees on the payroll, if there are too many they have to plan for reduction
Why is it important to pay employees properly? (remuneration) 3
- increases employee motivation
- lowering rates of absenteeism
- attracts and retains good employees
What is the difference between job analysis and job design?
- Job analysis sources material to create a job description, job specification and job design
- whereas job design is the creation or restructuring of a new job
what are 2 types of methods for performance appraisals?
- essay method
- critical incident method
