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Medical Terminology for Health Professions > Chapter 5 The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 5 The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Receives blood from the veins and pumps blood into the arteries

A

Heart

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2
Q

Transport blood to and from all areas of the body

A

Blood vessels

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3
Q

Transport blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

A

Arteries

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4
Q

Permit the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and the cells

A

Capillaries

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5
Q

Return blood from all body parts to the heart

A

Veins

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6
Q

Brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away waste

A

Blood

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7
Q

card/o, cardi/o

A

heart

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8
Q

angi/o, vas/o

A

blood vessels

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9
Q

arteri/o

A

arteries

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10
Q

capill/o

A

capillaries

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11
Q

phleb/o, ven/o

A

veins

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12
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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13
Q

angi/o

A

blood or lymph vessel

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14
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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15
Q

ather/o

A

plaque, fatty substance

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16
Q

brady-

A

slow

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17
Q

-crasia

A

a mixture or blending

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18
Q

-emia

A

blood, blood condition

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19
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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20
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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21
Q

tachy-

A

fast, rapid

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22
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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23
Q

What does the cardiovascular system consist of?

A

heart, blood vessels, and blood

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24
Q

Cardiovascular

A

pertaining to the heart and blood vessels

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25
Q

vascul

A

blood vessels

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26
Q

Apex

A

the lower tip of the heart

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27
Q

The double-walled membrane that encloses the heart

A

pericardium (aka pericardial sac)

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28
Q

membrane

A

a thin layer of pliable tissue that covers or encloses a body part

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29
Q

Fibrous sac that surrounds and protects the heart

A

parietal pericardium

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30
Q

Found between paricardium layers where it acts as a lubricant to prevent friction as the heart beats

A

pericardial fluid

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31
Q

The inner layer of the pericardium that also forms the outer layer of the heart

A

visceral pericardium

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32
Q

The external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium

A

epicardium

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33
Q

epi-

A

upon

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34
Q

3 layers of the walls of the heart

A

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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35
Q

The middle and thickest layer of the heart wall

A

myocardium (aka myocardial muscle)

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36
Q

The inner lining of the heart consisting of epithelial tissue and comes into direct contact with blood

A

endocardium

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37
Q

What does the myocardium need to survive and why?

A

it beats constantly so it needs a continuous blood supply giving it oxygen and nutrients plus prompt waste removal

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38
Q

What supplies the myocardium with o2-rich blood?

A

the coronary arteries

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39
Q

What removes waste products?

A

veins

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40
Q

Atria

A

the 2 upper chambers of the heart (singular atrium) that receive all heart blood

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41
Q

Ventricles

A

the 2 lower chambers of the heart that pump blood to the whole body.

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42
Q

What divides the 2 atrium?

A

interatrial septum

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43
Q

What divides the 2 ventricles?

A

interventricular septum

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44
Q

Why are the walls of the ventricles thicker than those of the atria?

A

because they must pump blood to the entire body

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45
Q

Controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle

A

tricuspid valve

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46
Q

Valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

A

pulmonary semilunar valve

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47
Q

Valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle

A

Mitral (aka bicuspid) valve

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48
Q

Valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta

A

aortic semilunar valve

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49
Q

Describe the blood flow through the heart.

A
  1. The right atrium receives O2 deficient blood through the superior and inferior vena cava then goes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle.
  2. O2 poor blood goes from the right ventricle through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the (R & L) pulmonary artery into the lungs.
  3. O2 rich blood enters 4 pulmonary veins (2 L + 2 R) into the left atrium. Blood then flows throw the mitral valve into the left ventricle.
  4. O2 rich blood travels throught the aortic semilunar valve into the aorta and to body (except lungs)
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50
Q

The flow of blood only between the heart and lungs

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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51
Q

Carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs

A

pulmonary arteries

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52
Q

Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart

A

pulmonary veins

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53
Q

The flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs

A

systemic circulation

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54
Q

The contraction and relaxation of the heart in exactly the correct sequence in order to pump blood effectively throughout the body

A

heartbeat

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55
Q

How does heartbeat happen?

A

electrical impulses from nerves aka the conduction system

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56
Q

What controls the conduction system?

A

The sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV)node, and the Bundle of His

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57
Q

Where is the SA node located?

A

in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava

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58
Q

What is the function of the sinoatrial node?

A

establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heartbeat (aka natural pacemaker). SA node sends electrical impulses to atrium muscles to contract and force blood to ventricles.

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59
Q

Where is the atrioventricular node located?

A

on the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum

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60
Q

What is the function of the AV node?

A

Receives electrical impulses from the SA node and transmits them to the Bundle of His

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61
Q

Where is the bundle of His located?

A

group of fibers located within the interventricular septum

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62
Q

What is the function of the bundle of His?

A

Carry electrical impulses to ensure the sequence of heart contractions. The impulses travel to the ventricles and then to Purkinje fibers.

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63
Q

Explain the Purkinje fibers.

A

conductive fibers within the walls of the ventricles that tell the ventricles to contract which forces blood out of heart and into aorta and pulmonary arteries

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64
Q

Refers to the normal beating of the heart

A

sinus rhythm

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65
Q

What does the P wave represent?

A

the stimulation (contraction) of the atria

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66
Q

What does the QRS complex show?

A

the stimulation (contraction) of the ventricles as the atria relax.

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67
Q

What does the T wave represent?

A

the recovery (relaxation) of the ventricles

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68
Q

3 types of blood vessels

A

arteries, capillaries, and veins

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69
Q

Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body

A

arteries

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70
Q

endarterial

A

within an artery or pertaining to the inner portion of the artery

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71
Q

What color is arterial blood and why?

A

red because it is oxygenated

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72
Q

The largest blood vessel in the body and where does it begin?

A

aorta. left ventricle.

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73
Q

Major arteries that carry blood upward to the head

A

carotid arteries

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74
Q

Where is the common carotid artery located and what does it divide into?

A

each side of neck; internal carotid artery

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75
Q

What does the internal carotid artery do?

A

brings o2 rich blood to brain

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76
Q

What brings blood to the face?

A

external carotid artery

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77
Q

The smaller, thinner branches of arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries.

A

arterioles

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78
Q

The smallest blood vessels in the body that deliver o2 and nutrients to cells of tissues

A

capillaries

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79
Q

Form a low-pressure collecting system to return o2 poor blood to the heart

A

veins

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80
Q

The smallest veins that join to form the larger veins

A

venules

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81
Q

The 2 largest veins in the body that return blood to the heart

A

venae cavae (superior and inferior)

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82
Q

-ules

A

small ones

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83
Q

The rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart

A

pulse

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84
Q

The measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries.

A

blood pressure

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85
Q

Systolic pressure

A

occurs when the ventricles contact (the highest pressure against the walls of an artery)

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86
Q

systole

A

contraction of the heart

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87
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

occurs when the ventricles relax (the lowest pressure against the walls of an artery)

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88
Q

diastole

A

relaxation of the heart

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89
Q

What is blood made of?

A

plasma & formed elements (erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes)

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90
Q

The fluid in blood that contains water and clotting proteins

A

plasma

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91
Q

A plasma fluid after the blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed

A

serum

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92
Q

2 clotting proteins found in the plasma

A

fibrinogen and prothrombin

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93
Q

red blood cells

A

erythrocytes

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94
Q

Where are erythrocytes produced?

A

red bone marrow

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95
Q

What is the primary role of erythrocytes?

A

to transport o2 to the tissues

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96
Q

The o2 carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes

A

hemoglobin

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97
Q

-globin

A

protein

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98
Q

White blood cells

A

leukocytes

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99
Q

What is the function of leukocytes?

A

Involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances

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100
Q

The 5 major groups of leukocytes.

A

Neutrophils, Basophils, Eosinophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes

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101
Q

White blood cells

A

leukocytes

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102
Q

The process of destroying pathogens by surrounding and swallowing them

A

Phagocytosis

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103
Q

Formed in the red bone marrow, the most common type of WBC, and through phagocytosis help the immune system defense against pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses

A

Neutrophils

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104
Q

Formed in the RBM, or the least common type of WBC, and are responsible for causing allergy sxs

A

Basophils

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105
Q

Formed in the RBM and migrate to body tissues and destroy parasitic organisms, and paly a role in allergic rxs

A

Eosinophils

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106
Q

Formed in the RBM, lymph nodes, and spleen. Identity substances, bacteria, and viruses in the body and produce antibodies that target them

A

Lymphocytes

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107
Q

Formed in RBM, lymph nodes, spleen; Provide defense against infectious organisms through phagocytosis

A

Monocytes

108
Q

Thrombocytes

A

AKA platelets, are the smallest formed elements of blood and play an important role in clotting of blood

109
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

110
Q

Blood types are classified according to the presence or absence of certain_______.

A

antigens

111
Q

Antigen

A

Any substance that the body regards as being foreign

112
Q

4 major blood types

A

A, B, AB, O

113
Q

Rh factor

A

defines the presence (Rh positive) or absence (Rh negative) of the Rh antigen on RBCs

114
Q

Normally dissolved in the liquid portion of blood

A

blood gases

115
Q

The 3 major blood gases

A

Oxygen (O2)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Nitrogen (N2)

116
Q

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the heart

A

cardiologist

117
Q

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating conditions of the bood and blood-forming tissues

A

hematologist

118
Q

A physician who specializes in the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels.

A

vascular surgeon

119
Q

Congenital

A

present at birth

120
Q

Structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth apparent either at birth or later.

A

Congenital heart disease

121
Q

Artherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle

A

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aka Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), or Ischemic heart dz.

122
Q

Characterized by unrelenting angina pain and a severely limited lifestyle

A

End-stage coronary artery disease

123
Q

Hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries

A

Atherosclerosis

124
Q

The opening within blood vessels through which blood flows

A

lumen

125
Q

A deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall

A

atheroma

126
Q

A condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to restricted blood flow to a part of the body

A

Ischemia

127
Q

isch

A

to hold back

128
Q

Lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle

A

cardiac ischemia

129
Q

A condition in which severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium (due to cardiac ischemia and will worsen until an MI)

A

Angina aka angina pectoris

130
Q

Chest pain the occurs duing exertion and resolves with rest

A

Stable angina

131
Q

Chest pain the occurs either during exertion or rest and is a precursor to a MI

A

Unstable angina

132
Q

The occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup

A

myocardial infarction (heart attack)

133
Q

Total blockage

A

occlusion

134
Q

A sudden insufficiency of blood

A

infarction

135
Q

A localized area of dead tissue caused by a lack of blood

A

infarct

136
Q

Condition where the heart is unable to pump out all of the blood that it receives causing congestion occuring most often in elderly or after the heart has been weakened or damaged by other health problems

A

Heart Failure, or congestive heart failure

137
Q

Causes pulmonary edema

A

Left-sided heart failure

138
Q

causes body edema

A

right-sided heart failure

139
Q

The abnormal enlargement of the heart that is frequently associated with heart failure as the heart enlarges in an effort to compensate for its decreased pumping ability

A

Cardiomegaly

140
Q

Carditis

A

an inflammation of the heart

141
Q

An inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

A

Endocarditis

142
Q

An inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream

A

Bacterial endocarditis

143
Q

Pericarditis

A

an inflammation of the pericardium (which surrounds the heart so restricts heart movement)

144
Q

An inflammation of the myocardium that develops as a rarely seen complication of a viral infection

A

myocarditis

145
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

the term used to describe all diseases of the heart muscle

146
Q

A disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to become enlarged and to pump less strongly

A

Dilated cardiomyopathy

147
Q

An abnormal blowing or clicking sound heard when listening to the heart or neighboring blood vessel usually caused by defective heart valves.

A

heart murmur

148
Q

valvulitis

A

an inflammation of a heart valve

149
Q

The abnormal protrusion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely.

A

valvular prolapse (ex. mitral valve prolapse)

150
Q

valvul

A

valve

151
Q

Prolapse

A

the falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part

152
Q

The loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat usually caused by an abnormality in the electrical conduction system of the heart

A

arrhythmia

153
Q

Asystole

A

aka flatline; the complete lack of electrical activity in the heart= death

154
Q

An event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively

A

cardiac arrest

155
Q

Results when treatment of cardiac arrest is not provided within a few minutes

A

sudden cardiac death

156
Q

a congenital or acquired arrhythmia caused by the electrical signal moving through the heart being partially or completely blocked from reaching the ventricles

A

heart block

157
Q

Bradycardia

A

abnormally slow resting heart rate (less than 60 bpm) usually occurs when the passage of electricity from top to bottom of the heart is partially or totally blocked

158
Q

Tachycardia

A

abnormally fast resting heart rate. greater than 100 bpm

159
Q

A quick episode in which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate at or above the AV node

A

supraventricular tachycardia (aka paroxysmal superventricular tachycardia)

160
Q

A potentially fatal condition where ther is a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles

A

ventricular tachycardia aka V-tach

161
Q

Describes a potentially life-threatening fast and IRREGULAR heartbeat

A

fibrillation

162
Q

Rapid, uncontrolled twitching contractions of the atria

A

Atrial fibrillation (A-fib)

163
Q

Rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles

A

Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)

164
Q

A pounding or racing heartbeat with or without irregularity in rhythm

A

palpitation

165
Q

vasculitis

A

inflammation of a blood vessel

166
Q

Anglitis or arteritis

A

inflammtion of the arteries

167
Q

polyarteritis

A

form of vasculitis involving several medium and small arteries at the same time

168
Q

A form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain

A

temporal arteritis (aka giant cell arteritis)

169
Q

angiostenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel

170
Q

A benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels

A

hemiangioma

171
Q

A deficiency of blood passing through an organ or part

A

hypoperfusion

172
Q

Perfusion

A

the flow of blood through the vessels of an organ

173
Q

A localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery which can be fatal if ruptured due to the large loss of blood

A

aneurysm

174
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries, any group of diseases characterized by thickening and the loss of elasticity of arterial walls

175
Q

arteriostenosis

A

the abnormal narrowing of an artery

176
Q

A condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or to the leakage of venous valves

A

Chronic venous insufficiency (or venous insufficiency)

177
Q

Phlebitis

A

the inflammation of a vein (aka thrombophlebitis because a clot usually forms)

178
Q

Abnormally swollen veins that usually occur in the superficial veins of the legs due to dysfunctional valves causing blood pools in veins causing the vein to enlarge

A

varicose veins

179
Q

An abnormal condition of having a thrombus

A

thrombosis

180
Q

thrombus

A

a blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein

181
Q

thrombotic occlusion

A

the blocking of an artery by a thrombus

182
Q

Damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery

A

coronary thrombosis

183
Q

coron

A

crown

184
Q

The condition of having a thrombus attached to the interior wall of a deep vein

A

Deep vein thrombosis

185
Q

Embolism

A

the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus (ex. air embolism, fat embolism)

186
Q

embol

A

something inserted

187
Q

embolus

A

a foreign object (blood clot, a quanity of air or gas, a bit of tissue or tumor) that is circulating in the blood

188
Q

Disorders of blood vessels that are located outside the heart and brain

A

peripheral vascular diseases

189
Q

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

A

(aka peripheral arterial occlusive disease) an example of pvd cause by atherosclerosis where there is impaired circulation to the extremities and vital organs

190
Q

A peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress

A

Raynaud’s disease

191
Q

Any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood

A

blood dyscrasia

192
Q

-crasia

A

a mixture or blending

193
Q

Hemochromatosis

A

iron overload dz (intestines absorb too much iron)

194
Q

leukopenia

A

a decrease in the number of disease-fighting WBCs circulating in the blood (aka low WBC count)

195
Q

Polycythemia

A

an abnormal increase in the number of RBCs in the blood d/t excess production of the cells by the RBM

196
Q

Sepsis

A

aka septicemia or blood poisoning; a potentially life-threatening infection the results from bacteria or other infectious organisms entering the bloodstream

197
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood

198
Q

thrombocytosis

A

abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the blood

199
Q

hemorrhage

A

the loss of a large amount of blood in a short amount of time

200
Q

transfusion reaction

A

complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient’s blood and the donated blood do not match

201
Q

Cholesterol

A

a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body

202
Q

hyperlipidemia

A

general term used to describe elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substances in the blood

203
Q

A type of cancer in which there is insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome

204
Q

A type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood

A

leukemia

205
Q

A lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes in the blood causing fatigue and sob

A

anemia

206
Q

Characterized by an absence of ALL formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood cell production in the bone marrow

A

Aplastic anemia

207
Q

plast

A

growth

208
Q

Megaloblastic anemia

A

A blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the RBCs are larger than normal usually resulting from a defiency of FA or Vit. B12

209
Q

blast

A

immature

210
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

caused by lack of intrinsic factor that helps the body absorb Vit B12 which is necessary for the formation of RBCs

211
Q

Hemolytic anemia

A

an inadequate number of RBCs due to the premature destruction of RBCs by the spleen

212
Q

-lytic

A

to destroy

213
Q

2 types of hemolytic anemia

A

Sickle cell anemia & Thalassemia

214
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some RBCs assuming an abnormal sickle shape interfering with normal blood flow

215
Q

Thalassemia

A

an inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia d/t reduce hgb and fewer RBCs than normal

216
Q

The elevation of arterial BP to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system

A

Hypertension

217
Q

Essential/Primary/Idiopathic Htn

A

HTN of unknown cause

218
Q

Secondary HTN

A

caused by another medical problem such as a kidney d/o or tumor on the adrenal glands

219
Q

Malignant HTN

A

very high HTN accompanied by damage to other organs

220
Q

Hypotension

A

lower-than-normal arterial BP

221
Q

Orthostatic HTN

A

aka postural HTN, low BP when standing up

222
Q

angiography

A

a radiographic (x-ray) study of the blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium

223
Q

A diagnostic and treatment procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart used to perform angiography or during treatment

A

cardiac catheterization

224
Q

Uses angiography with computer assistance to clarify the view in the cardiovascular system by subtracting the soft tissue and bones from the images

A

Digital subtraction angiography

225
Q

A diagnostic procedure to image the structures of blood vessels and the flow of blood through these vessels

A

Duplex ultrasound (combination of a diagnostic and doppler ultrasound)

226
Q

Shows the structure of the blood vessels

A

diagnostic ultrasound

227
Q

shows the movement of the RBCs through vessels

A

Doppler ultrasound

228
Q

Venography

A

(aka phlebography) a radiographic test that provides an image of specific veins after a contrast dye is injected

229
Q

electrocardiography

A

the noninvasive process of recording the electrical activity of the myocardium

230
Q

electrocardiogram

A

a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium

231
Q

A portable electrocardiograph worn by a patient

A

Holter monitor

232
Q

Performed to assess cardiovascular health and function during and after stress

A

stress test

233
Q

Performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the bloodstream

A

thallium stress test

234
Q

Medication administered to lower blood pressure

A

antihypertensive

235
Q

Medication that blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessel to contract, causing HTN

A

ACE inhibitor (angiotensin-converting enzyme)

236
Q

Med used to lower BP, relieve angina, or treat HF by reducing the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat

A

Beta-blocker

237
Q

Med used to treat HTN or angina by causing heart and blood vessels to relax by decreasing the movement of calcium into the cells of these structures.

A

calcium channel blocker agents

238
Q

Med admininstered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water

A

diuretic

239
Q

Med used to control irregularities of the heartbeat

A

antiarrhythmic

240
Q

Slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming

A

anticoagulant (aka blood thinners but do not actually thin blood)

241
Q

2 anticoagulants

A

Coumadin, Heparin (injection or IV)

242
Q

May reduce to the risk of a heart attack or stroke by reducing the ability of the blood to clot

A

aspirin

243
Q

Strengthens the contraction of the heart muscle, slows heart rate, eliminates fluid from tissues and contains the foxglove plant

A

digitalis (digoxin)

244
Q

Med that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up

A

thrombolytic (aka clot-busting drug)

245
Q

Administered to patients having a heart attack or stroke. If given within a few hours can dissolve damaging clot.

A

Tissue plasminogen activator

246
Q

causes blood vessels to narrow

A

vasoconstrictor

247
Q

Causes blood vessels to expand

A

vasodilator

248
Q

A vasodilator that is prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart

A

nitroglycerin

249
Q

Angioplasty

A

the technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel

250
Q

A procedure in which a small balloon on the end of a catheter is used to open a partially blocked coronary artery by flattening the plaque deposit and stretching the lumen.

A

(aka balloon angioplasty) Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

251
Q

Involves a laser on the end of catheter, which uses beams of light to remove the plaque deposit

A

laser angioplasty

252
Q

A wire-mesh tube that is place after the artery has been opened to prevent plaque from expanding again and prevents restenosis (closes again)

A

stent

253
Q

Artherectomy

A

the surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery

254
Q

Carotid endarterectomy

A

the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain

255
Q

open surgery where a piece of vein from the leg or chest is implanted on the heart to replace a blocked coronary artery and to improve blood flow to the heart

A

Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)

256
Q

Minimally invasive coronary artery bypass

A

(aka keyhole or buttonhole bypass) alternative cabg where procedure is performed with the aid of a fiber optic camera through a small opening in the ribs

257
Q

The use of electrical shock to restore the heart’s normal rhythym

A

defibrillation (aka cardioversion)

258
Q

A procedure that uses heat or cold to scar or destroy the heart tissue triggering an abnormal heart rhythm

A

cardiac ablation

259
Q

Valvuloplasty

A

the surgical repair of a heart valve (heart valve replacement)

260
Q

aneurysmectomy

A

the surgical removal of an aneurysm

261
Q

aneurysmorrhaphy

A

the surgical suturing of an aneurysm

262
Q

surgical method to isolate an aneurysm from the rest of the circulatory system by placing a small titanium clip to prevent blood from flowing into the aneurysm

A

aneurysm clipping

263
Q

arteriectomy

A

the surgical removal of part of an artery

264
Q

Hemostasis

A

to stop or control bleeding

265
Q

Plasmapheresis

A

(aka plasma exchange) the removal of whole blood from the body and separation of the blood’s cellular elements.

Medical Terminology for Health Professions (9 decks)

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