Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anthro > Chapter 5 - Social Identity, Personality & Gender > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Social Identity, Personality & Gender Flashcards

1
Q

self-awareness

A

The ability to identify oneself as an individual, to reflect on oneself, and to evaluate oneself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

naming ceremony

A

A special event or ritual to mark the naming of a child.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

personality

A

The distinctive way a person thinks, feels and behaves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

dependence training

A

Child rearing practice that fosters compliance in the performance of assigned tasks and dependence on the domestic group, rather than reliance on oneself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

independence training

A

Child rearing practice that fosters independence, self-reliance, and personal achievement.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

modal personality

A

Those character traits that occur with the highest frequency in a social group and are therefore the most representative of its culture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

core values

A

Those values especially promoted by a particular culture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

intersexual

A

A person born with reproductive organs, genitalia and/or sex chromosomes that are not exclusively male or female.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

transgenders

A

People who cross over or occupy an alternative position in the binary male-female gender construction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

culture-bound syndrome

A

A mental disorder specific to a particular culture group; also known as ethnic psychosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The first agents of _________ in all societies are the members of the household into which a person is born.

A

enculturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

__________ _________ are important devices for self definition in all cultures.

A

personal names

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The physical environment varies in the way it is _______ and _______ by individuals, for the environment is organized culturally and mediated symbolically through ________.

A

perceived; experienced; language.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Enculturation begins with the development of ________.

A

self-awareness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The traditional term used in older case studies to refer to a third-gender individual is “berdache;” the currently accepted term is___________.

A

two-spirits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The anthropologist ______ ______ did the seminal cross-cultural work on personality and gender.

A

Margaret Mead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Horticultural and pastoral societies are more likely to use ______________ ___________ when raising their children.

A

dependency training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In the U.S., parents use _____________ for raising their children.

A

combined dependency/independence training

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

________________ said that the purpose of anthropology is “to make the world safe for human differences.”

A

Ruth Benedict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

____________________ are thought to have special curing powers and have enjoyed prestige within their communities.

A

Third gender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

An alternative approach to describing the national character of a particular culture is the study of _________, by which anthropologists identify the values and related personality traits especially promoted by a particular culture.

A

core values

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When Heinrich Baumgarten arrived at Ellis Island, the immigration agent didn’t know how to spell his name so he wrote down Henry Baum instead. This is an example of _______.

A

name loss

23
Q

After _________ won the 800 meter race at the World Championship in Berlin in 2009, tests revealed that she had internal male sex organs; this incident propelled a transgendered individual into the public spotlight.

A

Caster Semenya

24
Q

In order for self-awareness to emerge and function, you need a basic orientation in order to structure the psychological field in which the self acts. Which of the following is NOT a basic orientation for self-awareness?

a) object orientation
b) spatial orientation
c) temporal orientation
d) normative orientation
e) personality orientation

A

personality orientation

25
Q

Intersexuality may be unusual but is not uncommon. In fact, more than ______ people are intersexed in some way.

A

70 million

26
Q

What is the average percentage of time an infant spends with its mother in a American Household?

A

20%

27
Q

Moral values, ideas, and principles are characteristics of what part of the behavioral environment?

A

normative orientation

28
Q

An adult with androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) since birth has:

A

XY sex chromosome of a male with an abnormality on the X chromosome

29
Q

People born with reproductive organs, genitalia and/or sex chromosomes that are NOT exclusively male of female are referred to as:

A

intersexuals

30
Q

What orientation is NOT needed for self-awareness to emerge and function?

A

behavioral motivation

31
Q

Anthropologically speaking, normality and abnormality are:

A

behaviors that are defined by each particular culture.

32
Q

The process by which culture is passed from one generation to the next and through which individuals become members of their society is known as:

A

enculturation

33
Q

Transgenders are:

A

people who cross over or occupy a culturally accepted intermediate position in the binary male-female gender construction.

34
Q

In the US, it seems that our society is geared toward the focus on competition, popularity, academic achievement, and overall success. Which type of development training fosters these ideas

A

independence training.

35
Q

Which of the following is an example of culture bound syndrome?

a) windigo
b) schizophrenia
c) anorexia nervosa
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

A

all of the above

36
Q

Which culture-bound syndrome is now no longer tied to a specific culture?

A

bulimia and anorexia

37
Q

Moral values, ideas, and principles are solely cultural in their origin and are an essential part of a person’s behavioral environment. Without them, no one would be able to measure their own actions or those of others. This is an example of:

A

normative orientation

38
Q

Are we born with a specific personality?

A

No

39
Q

At the levels of chromosomes, biological sex is determined according to whether a person’s 23rd chromosomal set is XX or XY. In some cases, however, individuals are born with a genetic mutation that gives biological females only one X chromosome instead of 2. This person usually develops external female genitalia, but has nonfunctional ovaries and is infertile. This syndrome is known as:

A

Turner syndrome

40
Q

Why are names significant?

A
  • Names represent a cultural self
  • Names are linked to identity politics
  • Names reflect assimilation
  • Names reflect a tie to ancestral beliefs.
41
Q

Who defines what is considered normal behavior in a particular society?

A

each particular society

42
Q

Why do most cultures think naming children is important?

A

Without a name, a person has no identity of self.

43
Q

People who cross over or occupy a culturally accepted intermediate position in the binary male-female gender construction are known as:

A

transgenders

44
Q

If your family lived by subsistence farming, which type of child rearing would be most likely?

A

dependence training

45
Q

Personal names are important devices for self definition in all cultures. It is through naming that a social group acknowledges a child’s birthright and establishes it’s:

A

social identity

46
Q

Which societies recognize third-gender individuals?

A
  • Samoan
  • Indian (Asia)
  • Tagalog speaking Filipinos
  • Native Americans
47
Q

Studying twins help anthropologists and psychologists understand aspects of the development of an individuals:

A

personality.

48
Q

In addition to genetics and environment, what else plays a part in the development of personality and social identity?

A

sex and gender

49
Q

Cultures around the world have different perspectives on many things. The way to understand these different views is to take a(n)_________ perspective.

A

cultural-relativist

50
Q

What is object orientation?

A

An awareness of the world of objects other than self.

51
Q

What is spatial orientation?

A

the ability to get from one place or object to another.

52
Q

What is temporal orientation?

A

the ability to connect past actions with those in the present or future.

53
Q

What is normative orientation?

A

an understanding of moral values, ideas, and principals that are purely cultural in origin.

Anthro (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions