Chapter 17 - Applied Anthropology

Question 1

The use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client.

Answer 1

applied anthropology

Question 2

A specialization in anthropology that combines theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology with the study of human health and disease.

Answer 2

medical anthropology

Question 3

The study of the origins and predecessors of the present human species.

Answer 3

paleoanthropology

Question 4

A branch of biological anthropology that uses genetic and biochemical techniques to test hypotheses about human evolution, adaption, and variation.

Answer 4

molecular anthropology

Question 5

Applied subfield of physical anthropology that specializes in the identification of human skeletal remains for legal purposes.

Answer 5

forensic anthropology

Question 6

The study of living and fossil primates.

Answer 6

primatology

Question 7

The study of human cultures through the recovery and analysis of material remains and environmental data.

Answer 7

archeology

Question 8

A branch of archaeology tied to government policies for the protection of cultural resources. It involves surveying and/or excavating archaeological and historical remains threatened by construction or development.

Answer 8

cultural resource management (CRM)

Question 9

The study of human languages, looking at their structure, history and/or relation to social and cultural context.

Answer 9

linguistic anthropology

Question 10

The branch of Celtic languages and related cultures that includes Irish, Scottish and Manx Gaelic, all of which are descended from the Old Irish language.

Answer 10

Goidelic tradition

Question 11

Ethnographic research that documents endangered cultures; known as salvage ethnography.

Answer 11

urgent anthropology

Question 12

Research that is community based and politically involved.

Answer 12

advocacy anthropology

Question 13

The use of digital technologies (audio and visual) for the collection, analysis, and representation of ethnographic data.

Answer 13

digital ethnography

Question 14

A branch of linguistics that studies the relationships between language and culture and how they mutually influence and inform each other.

Answer 14

ethnolinguistics

Question 15

The study of the relationship between language and society through examining how social categories (such as age, gender, ethnicity, religion, occupation, and class) influence the use and interpretation of distinctive styles of speech.

Answer 15

sociolinguistics

Question 16

A field of study that applies anthropological perspectives to the multidisciplinary branch of developmental studies. Focuses primarily on analyzing and understanding different impacts that international development and economic aid have on the economic, technical, political and/or social life of a given location in the world, particularly in developing nations.

Answer 16

developmental anthropology

Question 17

A subspeciality of archaeology; the study of human remains, emphasizing the the preservation of cultural and social processes in the skeleton.

Answer 17

bioarcheology

Question 18

Worldwide interconnections, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information and infectious diseases.

Answer 18

globalization

Question 19

The idea that one must suspend judgement of other people’s practices in order to understand them in their own cultural terms.

Answer 19

cultural relativism

Question 20

____________ has been called the “father of anthropology” because of his impact on applied anthropology and the way anthropology is practices in the United States as a whole.

Answer 20

Frank Boas

Question 21

Law enforcement agencies might call upon a __________ to use skeletal remains to identify a murder victim.

Answer 21

forensic anthropologist

Question 22

An anthropologist who carries out ethnographic research that documents endangered cultures is working in the cultural anthropology subfield of __________________.

Answer 22

urgent anthropology

Question 23

_____________ is among the best known forensics anthropologists. He was instrumental in establishing the first forensics team devoted to documenting cases of human rights abuses around the world.

Answer 23

Clyde Snow

Question 24

Frank Boaz developed the anthropological concept of __________________, which puts forth the notion that there are no superior cultures and that each culture is uniquely developed according to the social and geographical conditions under which they are formed and can be judged only according to their own standards and norms.

Answer 24

cultural relativism

Question 25

The applied cultural anthropologist who helped the Arapaho tribe preserve their indigenous language on their reservation in central Wyoming is_________________.

Answer 25

S. Neyooxet Greymorning

Question 26

The field of anthropology that focuses on the impact that international development projects and economic aid have on economic, technical, political, and/or social life of a given location, particularly in developing nations, is called____________.

Answer 26

developmental anthropology

Question 27

Anthropology is the _______________________.

Answer 27

b) study of humankind everywhere, throughout time.

Question 28

The applied focus of forensic anthropology has included

a) identification of remains of missing persons
b) documenting human rights abuses
c) documentation of atrocities in Northern Iraq
d) investigating slavery in the United States
e) all of the above

Answer 28

e) all of the above

Question 29

In her work as an applied anthropologist, Amanda Stronza has studied

Answer 29

a) the effects of ecotourism in the Amazon of Bolivia.

Question 30

Harald Prins’ work among the Micmac enabled the tribe to

Answer 30

c) establish clan relationships

Question 31

Social impact assessments

Answer 31

b) help planners of development projects limit negative impacts.

Question 32

Cultural relativism is defined as the idea that

Answer 32

b) each culture can be judged only according to its own standards and values.

Question 33

Anthropology has been called the most human of the sciences because

a) it takes human beings as its subject matter
b) it has developed a systematic, cross-cultural, comparative approach to understanding human behavior
c) it develops hypotheses and theories about the organization of language, values, and art in culture
d) it approaches culture as human experience or system of meaning in which the anthropologist must involve himself/herself in order to develop adequate explanations of what is being observed
e) all of the above

Answer 33

e) all of the above

Question 34

Sue Ellen Jacobs’ social impact assessment of a New Mexico water diversion project identified which of the following:

a) widespread community oppression
b) potential loss of ancient irrigation systems
c) potential loss of fishing and other river resources
d) increased health hazards
e) all of the above

Answer 34

e) all of the above

Question 35

In the field of dispute resolution and conflict management, who works as an anthropologist and negotiation specialist?

Answer 35

d) William Ury

Question 36

The goals of mediation training include

a) design, implementation and evaluation of better practices
b) promotion of collaboration
c) development of educational programs
d) increasing public awareness of successful conflict resolution efforts
e) all of the above

Answer 36

e) all of the above

Question 37

Building homes for the Apache, designing menus for McDonald’s, and assessing the causes of diseases among Micronesian people are issues imploying

Answer 37

c) applied anthropology

Question 38

Goals of developmental anthropologists include

a) equitable economic growth
b) environmental sustainability
c) conflict resolution
d) empowerment of low-income peoples
e) all of the above

Answer 38

e) all of the above

Question 39

In the video, Dr. Mikel Hogan defines medical anthropology as

Answer 39

b) using anthropology to solve problems and identify issues related to health care delivery.

Question 40

In the video, crime scene investigator Diane Cockle explains that she worked as a(n) ___________ for 10 years before collaborating with the police force in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan on ____________ investigations

Answer 40

c) paleoanthropologist; forensic

Question 41

Which of the following projects or events might have benefited from a social impact analysis and the consulting efforts of a developmental anthropologist?

a) Three Georges Dam
b) Hurricane Katrina
c) attack on the World Trade Center
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Answer 41

a) Three Georges Dam

Question 42

What describes Paul Farmer’s contribution to applied anthropology?

Answer 42

a) He made it his mission to work among the poorest people on the planet finding remedies for infectious diseases such as AIDS and HIV.