Chapter 5 - Language Development, Diversity and Immigrant Education Flashcards

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1
Q

To master a language, children must …

A
  • read the intentions of others so they can acquire words, phrases & concepts
  • find patterns in the ways other people use these words and phrases to construct the grammar of their language
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2
Q

Two processes support early language development

A
  • Joint attention

- child-directed speach

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3
Q

Define Joint Attention

A

Occurs when child, caregiver or teacher attend same object or event at the same time

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4
Q

Define child-directed speach

A
  • language characterized by short sentences, simple construction, exaggerated tones, baby talk
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5
Q

Define pragmatics

A

rules for when and how to use language to be an effective communicator in a particualr culture

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6
Q

Define metalinguistic awareness

A

understanding about one’s own use of language

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7
Q

Define critical periods

A

if learning does not happen within these periods, it never will

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8
Q

sensitive periods

A

times when a person is especially ready or responsive to certain experiences

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9
Q

Benefits of bilingualism

A
  • increased cognitive abilities
  • more advanced metalinguistic understanding of language
  • better phoneme awareness & reading comprehension
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10
Q

Define balanced bilingualism

A
  • learning a second language capability without losing your heritage language
  • must maintain skills in both languages
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11
Q

code-switching

A

moving between two speech forms

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12
Q

Define cultural deficit model

A
  • assumes some cultural backgrounds inhibit academic development
  • rejected by educational psychologists
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13
Q

monolingual/literate students

A

literate in native language

- limited English

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14
Q

monolinguel/preliterate students

A
  • not literate
  • limited English
  • need greatest support
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15
Q

limited bilingual

A

converse well in both languages but academically troubled

- learning disability / emotional problems

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16
Q

Generation 1.5

A

Children & youth not born in Canada - come here with first-generation parents, before adolescence

17
Q

Define SEI

A

Structured English Imersion - environment that teaches English rapidly by maximizing instruction in English and using English at a level appropriate to the abilities of the ELLs in the class

18
Q

Recommendations for ELLs

A
  1. Begin with formative assessment
  2. Use small-group interventions
  3. Target teach essential vocabulary
  4. Direct teach Adacemic English
  5. Use peer-assisted learning, esp. pairs.
19
Q

Sheltered instruction

A
  • improves English Language skills while teaching content to ELL students by putting words and concepts of content into context to make content more understandable
20
Q

SIOP

A

Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol

- observational system to check that each element of sheltered instruction is present for a teacher

21
Q

Tools of culture

A

Funds of Knowledge

  • knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home and religious life that can become the basis for teaching
  • students more engaged
  • teaches educated about student’s lives