Chapter 11 - Social Cognitive Views of Learning and Motivation

Question 1

Define Social Learning Theory

Answer 1

Theory that emphasizes learning through observing others

Question 2

Define Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 2

Adds concern with cognitive factors like beliefs, self-perceptions & expectations to social learning to social learning theory

Question 3

Define Triachic reciprocal causality

Answer 3

explanation of behaviour that emphasizes mutual effects of individual and environment on each other
- external factors affect personal factors

Question 4

Factors that affect observational learning

Answer 4

• developmental level
• status of model
• vicarious consequences
• outcome expectations
• goal setting
• self-efficacy

Question 5

Four essential elements of observational learning

Answer 5

• paying attention
• retaining information
• producing behaviours
• being motivated

Question 6

Define vicarious reinforcement

Answer 6

observer sees others reinforces, increases their production

Question 7

Define Self-efficacy

Answer 7

person’s sense of being able to deal effectively with a particular task

• increase self-efficasy - increase effort, increase persistance, increase resiliance, decrease stress, decrease anxiety
• strong predictor of behaviour
• self-regulation requires self-efficacy

Question 8

define human agency

Answer 8

capacity to coordinate learning skills, motivation and emotions to reach goals

Question 9

Define self-concept

Answer 9

global construct

• many perceptions of self
• includes self-efficacy
• result of internal and external comparisons
• weaker predictor of behaviour

Question 10

Define Self-esteem

Answer 10

judgement of self-worth

• by value we place on our performance in a domain
• concern over what others think of our competence
• not influenced by feelings of incompetence in areas we don’t value
• no direct relationshiop between self-esteem and self-efficacy

Question 11

3 factors that influence self-regulation

Answer 11

• knowledge
• motivation
• self-disclipline

Question 12

Define self-regulated learning

Answer 12

view of learning as skills and will applied to analysing learning tasks, setting goals, planning, applying skills, making adjustments about learning

Question 13

4 stages of self-regulated learning

Answer 13

analyse task
set goals and devise plan
enact strategies
regulate (make adjustments)

Question 14

define cognitive behaviour modification

Answer 14

• procedures based on both behavioural and cognitive learning principles for changing your own behaviour using self-talk and self-instruction

Question 15

5 core social & emotional skills and competencies

Answer 15

• self-awareness
• self-management
• social awareness
• relationship skills
• responsible decision-making