Chapter 5: Health promotion of Preschoolers (3-6 years)

Question 1

How much weight do preschoolers gain per year?

Answer 1

4.4-6.6 lbs (2-3 kg)

Question 2

Preschoolers should grown about ____ per year?

Answer 2

2.6-3.5 inches

Question 3

How do preschoolers display fine motor skills?

Answer 3

Copying fingers on paper and dressing independently

Question 4

What are the gross motor skills for a 3 year old (3)?

Answer 4

Ride tricycle
Jump off bottom step
Stands on one foot for a few seconds

Question 5

What are the gross motor skills for a 4 year old (2)?

Answer 5

Skips and hops on one foot

Throws ball overHEAD

Question 6

What are the gross motor skills for a 5 year old (3)?

Answer 6

Jump rope
Walks backward with heel to toe
Throws and catches a ball with ease

Question 7

Piaget: The pre conceptual phase transitions to the phase of intuitive thought around the age of ___. This phase lasts till ___

Answer 7

4-7 years

Question 8

What happens in the intuitive phase?

Answer 8

Preschooler moves from egocentric thoughts to SOCIAL AWARNESS and the ability to understand others viewpoints

Question 9

Preschoolers make judgments on visual appearances. What are the 3 variations this includes?

Answer 9

• Magical thinking
• Animism
• Centration

Question 10

Thoughts can cause events to occur

Answer 10

Magical thinking

Question 11

Inanimate objects are alive

Answer 11

Animism

Question 12

Focus on one aspect instead of considering the whole

Answer 12

Centration

Question 13

The vocab of preschoolers increases to more than ____ by the end of the 5th year

Answer 13

2100

Question 14

When do preschoolers speak in sentences of 3-4 words?

Answer 14

At 3-4 years

Question 15

When do preschoolers speak in sentences of 4-5 words?

Answer 15

4-5 years

Question 16

What is Erikson’s stage for preschoolers?

Answer 16

Initiative vs. Guilt

Question 17

Preschooler feels goo about themselves with regard to mastering skills that allow independence (dressing, feeding). During stress, insecurity, or illness, preschoolers may regress to previous immature behaviors or develop habits such as ___, ___, ____

Answer 17

Nose picking
Bedwetting
Thumb sucking

Question 18

By the age of ___, preschoolers begin comparing themselves with peers

Answer 18

5

Question 19

Do preschoolers exhibit stranger anxiety? What about seperation anxiety?

Answer 19

No; have less separation anxiety

Question 20

What can provoke separation anxiety?

Answer 20

Prolonged separation (hospital stays)

Question 21

Parallel play shifts to ____ play during the preschool years. Play is not highly organized, but cooperation does exist between children. What are example of appropriate activities?

Answer 21

Associative play

Ex: Playing ball, doing puzzles together, riding tricycles, playing pretend or dress up, role playing, painting, simple sewing, reading books, wading pools, skating, computer programs, electronic games

Question 22

What vaccines for 4-6 year olds?

Answer 22

DTaP
MMR
Varicella
IPV

Question 23

What vaccines for 3-6 year olds?

Answer 23

Flu

LAIV nasal spray

Question 24

Preschoolers consume about half the amount of energy that adults do, so _____

Answer 24

1800kcal

Question 25

Picky eaters are mainly toddler age group, but still lasts till preschool age. At what age are preschoolers more willing to sample different foods?

Answer 25

5

Question 26

How many grams of protein/day do preschoolers need?

Answer 26

13-19 grams

Question 27

Toddlers need to avoid saturated fats and transfatty foods. Can preschoolers have them?

Answer 27

Yes, but must be less than 10% of their total caloric intake & total fat over several days should be 20-30% of total caloric intake

Question 28

How much sleep do preschoolers need a day?

Answer 28

12 hr

Question 29

Do preschoolers still take naps?

Answer 29

Some still require a nap for adequtate sleep

Question 30

Should preschoolers still be allowed to sleep with parents if they are scared?

Answer 30

Try to avoid this

Question 31

T/F: Eruption of primary teeth is finalized by the beginning of the preschool years

Answer 31

True

Question 32

Can preschoolers brush and floss their own teeth?

Answer 32

Yes, with the supervision and assistance of their parents!!

Question 33

Should preschoolers be taught stranger danger?

Answer 33

Yes

Question 34

Can preschoolers be left alone in a bathtub?

Answer 34

No

Question 35

If a toddler wasn't taught to swim, should we teach them when they are preschool age?

Answer 35

YES

Question 36

It is recommended that children use an approved car restraint system until they achieve a height of ____

Answer 36

145 cm (4ft, 9 in)

Question 37

______ safety rules should be taught to preschool age children such as stand back away from the curb when waiting to cross the street, look all ways when crossing street, walk on the left [facing traffic] when there are no sidewalks, at night wear light colored fluorescent clothing

Answer 37

Pedestrian safety rules

Question 38

A nurse is providing teaching about methods to promote sleep to the parent of a preschool age child. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will sleep in the bed with my child if she wakes up during the night" B. "I will let my child stay up an additional 2 hours on weekend nights" C. "I will let my child watch tv for 30 minutes just before bedtime each night" D. "I will keep a dim lamp on in my childs room during the night"

Answer 38

D

Question 39

``` A nurse is conducting a well child visit with a child who is scheduled to receive the recommended immunizations for 4-6 year olds. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse administer (select all that apply)? A. DTap B. IPV C. MMR D. PCV E. Hib ```

Answer 39

A, B, C

Question 40

A nurse is preparing an education program about nutrition for preschool-age children for a group of parents. Which of the following should the nurse include? A. Saturated fats should equal 20% of total caloric intake B. Average daily intake should be 1800 calories C. Finicky eating habits develop around 5 years old D. Healthy diets include 8 grams of protein each day

Answer 40

B. A. 10% or less B. TRUE C. Finicky eating is common in TODDLERS--preschoolers often become willing to try new food at 5 years old D. 13-19 grams! of protein is needed each day

Question 41

``` A nurse is performing a developmental screening on a 3 year old child. Which of the following skills should the child be able to perform? A. Ride a tricycle B. Hop on one foot C. Jump rope D. Throw a ball over head ```

Answer 41

A A. TRUE B. Hop on one foot- 4 year old! C. Jump rope- 5 year old! D. Throw ball overhead- 4 year old!

Question 42

``` A nurse is caring for a preschool age child who says she needs to leave the hospital because her doll is scared to be at home alone. Which of the following characteristics of proportional though is the child exhibiting? A. Egocentrism B. Centration C. Animism D. Magical thinking ```

Answer 42

C