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ATI Pediatrics-MJ > Chapter 5: Health promotion of Preschoolers (3-6 years) > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Health promotion of Preschoolers (3-6 years) Flashcards

1
Q

How much weight do preschoolers gain per year?

A

4.4-6.6 lbs (2-3 kg)

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2
Q

Preschoolers should grown about ____ per year?

A

2.6-3.5 inches

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3
Q

How do preschoolers display fine motor skills?

A

Copying fingers on paper and dressing independently

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4
Q

What are the gross motor skills for a 3 year old (3)?

A

Ride tricycle
Jump off bottom step
Stands on one foot for a few seconds

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5
Q

What are the gross motor skills for a 4 year old (2)?

A

Skips and hops on one foot

Throws ball overHEAD

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6
Q

What are the gross motor skills for a 5 year old (3)?

A

Jump rope
Walks backward with heel to toe
Throws and catches a ball with ease

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7
Q

Piaget: The pre conceptual phase transitions to the phase of intuitive thought around the age of ___. This phase lasts till ___

A

4-7 years

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8
Q

What happens in the intuitive phase?

A

Preschooler moves from egocentric thoughts to SOCIAL AWARNESS and the ability to understand others viewpoints

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9
Q

Preschoolers make judgments on visual appearances. What are the 3 variations this includes?

A
  • Magical thinking
  • Animism
  • Centration
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10
Q

Thoughts can cause events to occur

A

Magical thinking

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11
Q

Inanimate objects are alive

A

Animism

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12
Q

Focus on one aspect instead of considering the whole

A

Centration

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13
Q

The vocab of preschoolers increases to more than ____ by the end of the 5th year

A

2100

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14
Q

When do preschoolers speak in sentences of 3-4 words?

A

At 3-4 years

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15
Q

When do preschoolers speak in sentences of 4-5 words?

A

4-5 years

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16
Q

What is Erikson’s stage for preschoolers?

A

Initiative vs. Guilt

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17
Q

Preschooler feels goo about themselves with regard to mastering skills that allow independence (dressing, feeding). During stress, insecurity, or illness, preschoolers may regress to previous immature behaviors or develop habits such as ___, ___, ____

A

Nose picking
Bedwetting
Thumb sucking

18
Q

By the age of ___, preschoolers begin comparing themselves with peers

A

5

19
Q

Do preschoolers exhibit stranger anxiety? What about seperation anxiety?

A

No; have less separation anxiety

20
Q

What can provoke separation anxiety?

A

Prolonged separation (hospital stays)

21
Q

Parallel play shifts to ____ play during the preschool years. Play is not highly organized, but cooperation does exist between children. What are example of appropriate activities?

A

Associative play

Ex: Playing ball, doing puzzles together, riding tricycles, playing pretend or dress up, role playing, painting, simple sewing, reading books, wading pools, skating, computer programs, electronic games

22
Q

What vaccines for 4-6 year olds?

A

DTaP
MMR
Varicella
IPV

23
Q

What vaccines for 3-6 year olds?

A

Flu

LAIV nasal spray

24
Q

Preschoolers consume about half the amount of energy that adults do, so _____

A

1800kcal

25
Q

Picky eaters are mainly toddler age group, but still lasts till preschool age. At what age are preschoolers more willing to sample different foods?

A

5

26
Q

How many grams of protein/day do preschoolers need?

A

13-19 grams

27
Q

Toddlers need to avoid saturated fats and transfatty foods. Can preschoolers have them?

A

Yes, but must be less than 10% of their total caloric intake
& total fat over several days should be 20-30% of total caloric intake

28
Q

How much sleep do preschoolers need a day?

A

12 hr

29
Q

Do preschoolers still take naps?

A

Some still require a nap for adequtate sleep

30
Q

Should preschoolers still be allowed to sleep with parents if they are scared?

A

Try to avoid this

31
Q

T/F: Eruption of primary teeth is finalized by the beginning of the preschool years

A

True

32
Q

Can preschoolers brush and floss their own teeth?

A

Yes, with the supervision and assistance of their parents!!

33
Q

Should preschoolers be taught stranger danger?

A

Yes

34
Q

Can preschoolers be left alone in a bathtub?

A

No

35
Q

If a toddler wasn’t taught to swim, should we teach them when they are preschool age?

A

YES

36
Q

It is recommended that children use an approved car restraint system until they achieve a height of ____

A

145 cm (4ft, 9 in)

37
Q

______ safety rules should be taught to preschool age children such as stand back away from the curb when waiting to cross the street, look all ways when crossing street, walk on the left [facing traffic] when there are no sidewalks, at night wear light colored fluorescent clothing

A

Pedestrian safety rules

38
Q

A nurse is providing teaching about methods to promote sleep to the parent of a preschool age child. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. “I will sleep in the bed with my child if she wakes up during the night”
B. “I will let my child stay up an additional 2 hours on weekend nights”
C. “I will let my child watch tv for 30 minutes just before bedtime each night”
D. “I will keep a dim lamp on in my childs room during the night”

A

D

39
Q 
A nurse is conducting a well child visit with a child who is scheduled to receive the recommended immunizations for 4-6 year olds. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse administer (select all that apply)?
A. DTap
B. IPV
C. MMR
D. PCV
E. Hib
A

A, B, C

40
Q

A nurse is preparing an education program about nutrition for preschool-age children for a group of parents. Which of the following should the nurse include?
A. Saturated fats should equal 20% of total caloric intake
B. Average daily intake should be 1800 calories
C. Finicky eating habits develop around 5 years old
D. Healthy diets include 8 grams of protein each day

A

B.

A. 10% or less
B. TRUE
C. Finicky eating is common in TODDLERS–preschoolers often become willing to try new food at 5 years old
D. 13-19 grams! of protein is needed each day

41
Q 
A nurse is performing a developmental screening on a 3 year old child. Which of the following skills should the child be able to perform?
A. Ride a tricycle
B. Hop on one foot
C. Jump rope
D. Throw a ball over head
A

A

A. TRUE
B. Hop on one foot- 4 year old!
C. Jump rope- 5 year old!
D. Throw ball overhead- 4 year old!

42
Q 
A nurse is caring for a preschool age child who says she needs to leave the hospital because her doll is scared to be at home alone. Which of the following characteristics of proportional though is the child exhibiting?
A. Egocentrism
B. Centration
C. Animism
D. Magical thinking
A

C

ATI Pediatrics-MJ (41 decks)

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