Ch. 30: Skin infections and infestations-Skin infestations (scabies and lice) Flashcards
Spread by direct contact with an infected person. The mite burrows into the skin and lays eggs. The eggs mature in 21 days
Scabies
Pediculosis capitis
Head lice
Spread by direct contact with an infected person, bedding, and clothing.
Head lice
Head lice: The life span of the adult louse life is ___ and they can live up to ___ without a human host.
1 month; 48 hours
Head lice: The female lays eggs at ____, close to the skin surface at the junction of the hair shaft. The nits hatch in ____
Night; 7-10 days
Pediculosis corporis
Body lice
Body lice: Spread by direct contact with infected person, bedding, and clothing. How does the adult louse feed? It can live in folds of clothing for ___. They die at room temp in ____.
Adult louse feeds on human blood
It can live in folds of clothing for 1 month
Die at room temp in 5-7 days
Risk factors for scabies?
Nursing homes
Nursing facilities
Day care settings
Risk factors for head lice?
Day care and school
Overcrowded conditions
Sharing combs, brushes, hats
Risk factors for body lice?
Overcrowded contidions and poor hygiene
Risk factors for pubic lice?
Multiple sex partners
Scabies: When are you most itchy?
At night
Scabies: Where is there usually a rash?
In between fingers
Scabies: What are the markings on the skin?
Thin, pencil marks
Scabies: How does it look in infants?
Widespread on body
Pimples on trunk
Blisters on palm of hand and soles of feet
Scabies: How does it look in young children?
Most common on head, neck, shoulders, palms, and soles
Scabies: How does it look in older children?
Most common on hands, wrists, genitals, and abdomen
How does head lice appear?
Intense itching
Small, red bumps on scalp
Nits (white specks) on hair shaft
How does body lice appear?
- Intense itching, worse around waist, under arms and anywhere where clothing is tight
- Red bumps on skin
- Changes in skin (if lice have been present for extended period)
How does pubic lice appear?
Intense itching
BLUEISH-GREY skin (weird effect, prob should know)
Sores
What do we asses for in scabies infestation?
Pencil like mark on skin
What do we asses for in head lice?
Adult lice= hard to see (small, grayish tan, no wings)
Nits= look like dandruff on hair shaft and are firmly attached
What do we assess for in body lice?
Adult lice= larger than other lice–>size of a sesame seed
What is the color of body lice? What about the nits of body lice?
Tan to grayish-white with 6 legs
Nits: small grey white ovals seen on clothing, waist, or armpits
What do adult pubic lice look like?
Crab-like appearance
How do the nits of pubic lice look?
Grey-white ovals attached to the hair shaft
What is treatment for scabies?
5% permethrin cream over entire body for one-time treatment (may need to repeat in 1 week)
Who all needs to be treated when dealing with a person with scabies?
Scabies person
Entire family and persons who have been in contact with infected person during and 60 days after infection
Scabies: how do we wash clothing and items?
Hot water
Scabies: Necessary to vacuum carpet and furniture?
Yes!
Scabies: What can we apply to help until itching subsides following treatment?
Calamine lotion or cool compresses
Difficult cases of scabies–use what?
Oral ivermectin
What is treatment for headlice?
Shampoo containing 1% permethrin
Remove nits with comb, repeat 7 days after shampoo treatment
How do we wash clothing and other items of lice infested people?
Hot water with detergent
What do we use for difficult cases of head lice?
Malathion 0.5% in isopropanol
What is treatment for body lice?
Lotions containing 1% permethrin
How do we washing clothing and items for body lice?
Hot water (130F or more) then machine dry in hot cycle
How do we treat pubic lice?
Exactly the same as headlice
How do we treat difficult cases of pubic lice?
Repeat shampoo in 4-7 days
What type of lice should we assess for other STIs?
Pubic lice
Do home remedies help with this types of infections?
We need to teach parents and children to AVOID home remedies, as it may WORSEN infection
What if items can’t be laundered?
Bag them in tightly sealed bags for 14 days
What about all the combs and brushs used or that are around. What can we do instead of throwing them away?
All hair accessories need to be boiled in lice killing produces for ONE HOUR
What are some secondary infections?
Staph
Strep
Haem. Flu
A nurse is assessing an infant who has scabies. What are the expected findings? (select all that apply) A. Presence of nits on hair shaft B. Pencil-like marks on hands C. Blisters on soles of feet D. Bluish-gray skin color E. Pimples on trunk
B, C, E
A nurse is teaching a parent of a child who has pediculosis capitis. Which if the following should the nurse include in teaching.
A. Apply mayo to affected area at night
B. Treat all household pets
C. Use an OTC med containing 1% permethrin
D. Discard the childs stuffed animals
C
