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AP Psychology > Chapter 5: Developing Through the Life Span > Flashcards

Chapter 5: Developing Through the Life Span Flashcards

1
Q

Developmental Psychology

A

Study how people are continually developing physically, cognitively, and socially from infancy through old age

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2
Q

Developmental Psychology studies three Major issues

A
  • Nature/Nurture
  • Continuity/Stages
  • Stability/Change
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3
Q

Conception

A

mature egg meets sperm

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4
Q

Zygote

A

conception to 2 weeks. 1/2 don’t move on

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5
Q

Embryo

A

2 weeks to 8 weeks. 1/4 don’t move on

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6
Q

Fetus

A

9 weeks to birth. 1/4 don’t move on

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7
Q

Prenatal Issues

A 
Teratogens
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Abortion
Amniocentesis
Fetal Research
Tranplants
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8
Q

Rooting Reflex

A

Turn To Touch

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9
Q

Grasping Reflex

A

Grab and HOLD

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10
Q

Startle Reflex

A

Delayed Reaction

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11
Q

Stepping Reflex

A

Before 2 months, Walking

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12
Q

Habituation

A

decrease in response to repeated stimulation

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13
Q

Sight in Newborns

A

12in. with increase of 1in. week

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14
Q

Brain Development

A

born with most of the brain cells

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15
Q

Maturation

A

automatic, orderly, and sequential basic course of development

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16
Q

Memory

A

Infants have Amnesia

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17
Q

Cognitive Development

A

all mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

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18
Q

Jean Piaget

A

zoologist turned developmental psychologist, works on standardizing IQ tests

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19
Q

Schema

A

a concept used to organize and interpret infrmation

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20
Q

Assimilation

A

interpret new information using existing schemas

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21
Q

Accommodation

A

adapting our current schemas to incorporate new information

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22
Q

Piaget’s Sensory-Motor Stage

A

knowledge is tied to senses and movements in enviroment

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23
Q

Object Permanence

A

8-10 months no longer has “out of Sight out of mind” mentality

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24
Q

Piaget’s Pre-operational Stage

A

acquire language and ability to use symbols, but not logical thought of concepts (self-centered)

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25
Q

Conservation

A

Changing Characteristics, Keep and Maintain

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26
Q

Egocentrism

A

difficulty taking another’s Point of View

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27
Q

Piaget’s Concrete Operations Stage

A

understands a real world with real objects, manipulation of objects

28
Q

Piaget’s Formal Operations Stage

A

ability to have highly symbolic and abstract thoughts found in logic, math, philosophy, ethics (cultural influences)

29
Q

Stranger Anxiety

A

starts at 8 months

30
Q

Attachment

A

bond with another person

31
Q

Harlow Monkey Experiment

A

infant deprived of social attachment has lasting behavior problems

32
Q

Critical Periods

A

a specific period when a particular skill can begin to develop or association can occur

33
Q

Imprinting

A

process of forming attachments in animals. founded by Konrad Lorenz

34
Q

Issues in Child Raising

A 
Child Neglect/Abuse
Spanking
Daycare
Lack of Family Closeness
Single-Parent Families
35
Q

Authoritarian

A

Rigid Rules and Expect obedience

36
Q

Permissive

A

Children do anything, few rules made or enforced, little punishment

37
Q

Authoritative

A

remanding and responsive, seek input, consistent but flexible enforcement

38
Q

Adolescense

A

transition period that extends from puberty to independence

39
Q

Kohlberg’s Pre-Conventional

A

self-interest, obey to avoid punishment

40
Q

Kohlberg’s Conventional

A

based on expectations of others right/wrong

41
Q

Kohlberg’s Post-Conventional

A

basic ethics, human rights, maturity

42
Q

Social Development

A

forming an identity

43
Q

Erikson’s Trust vs. Mistrust

A

0-1 Needs Met

44
Q

Erikson’s Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt

A

1-3 Ability to act on own

45
Q

Erikson’s Initiative vs. Guilt

A

3-6 Finish what you Start

46
Q

Erikson’s Industry vs. Inferiority

A

6-Puberty Trying w/ Effort

47
Q

Erikson’s Identity vs. Role Confusion

A

teen-20s Who am I?

48
Q

Erikson’s Intimacy vs. Isolation

A

20s-40s Wanting Closeness

49
Q

Erikson’s Generativity vs. Stagnation

A

40s-60s Leave a MARK on World?

50
Q

Erikson’s Integrity vs. Despair

A

60s-up Proud of Life?

51
Q

Moratorium

A

delay making adult commitments or process of trial and error

52
Q

Fidelity

A

faithfulness to one’s ideals/values, Loyalty to self

53
Q

Marcia’s Identity Forclosure

A

accept identity and values from childhood, don”t explore alternatives

54
Q

Marcia’s Identity Diffusion

A

no clear idea of self, not attempting to find self

55
Q

Marcia’s Identity Achievement

A

Well-defined personal values, goals, and self-concept

56
Q

Issues with Adolescence-Adulthood

A
  • Generation Gap
  • Family Conflict
  • Juvenile Delinquency
  • Eating Disorders
57
Q

Early Adulthood 20-39

A

Marriage, Career, Kids

58
Q

Social Clock

A

Culturally preferred timing of social events

59
Q

Cohabitation

A

Increased Divorce Rates if before Marriage

60
Q

Menopause

A

Menstruation and Ovulation stops, physical symptoms because of lessened Hormone levels

61
Q

Crystallized Intelligence

A

Knowledge and Verbal Skills

62
Q

Fluid Intelligence

A

Ability to reason Quickly

63
Q

Gerontology

A

study of the aging process and problems of older people

64
Q

Ageism

A

Prejudice against old age

65
Q

Thanatology

A

study of death and methods of coping, Thanos=God of Death

66
Q

Institutionalization

A

only 5% of elderly live in nursing homes

67
Q

Stages of Dying wit Terminally-Ill - Ross

A
  • Denial
  • Anger
  • Bargaining
  • Depression
  • Acceptance

AP Psychology (9 decks)

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