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AP Psychology > Chapter 13: Personality > Flashcards

Chapter 13: Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Personality

A

A person’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting that are broad and long-lasting

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2
Q

Psychoanalytic Theory

A

based on hidden needs in the unconscious that motivate us

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3
Q

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)

A

from Vienna, Austria, became the 1st psychiatrist, believes core of personality appears age 5-6 years

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4
Q

Anna O

A

Hypnotic, Talking Cure, Hysterical Pregnancy

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5
Q

Unconscious

A

reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories (unaware of)

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6
Q

Personality Structure

A

conflict between impulse and restraint create the inner self divisions of how we struggle to control

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7
Q

ID

A

basic needs and drives, contains libido, without Id we could not survive

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8
Q

SuperEgo

A

“conscience” that mediated the demands of the mind

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9
Q

Ego

A

Idealistic self, allows Id controlled expression with boundaries of SuperEgo, shows itself by seeking instant satisfacation and gratification

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10
Q

Oral Stage

A

Birth to 2, centers on sensual pleasure of mouth; sucking, biting, chewing, major task is weaning

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11
Q

Anal Stage

A

2 to 3. task is toilet training, problems if too lenient/harsh

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12
Q

Phallic Stage

A

3 to 6, child develops romantic interest in opposite-sex parent and hostility toward same-sex parent

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13
Q

Latency Stage

A

6 to preteen, earlier conflicts remain subdud

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14
Q

Genital Stage

A

Puberty on, mature sexual feelings toward another person cause reappearance of earlier conflicts

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15
Q

Defense Mechanisms

A

behaviors to protect ego against anxiety

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16
Q

Neo-Freudian/ Psycho-dynamic Theorists

A

accept Freud’s basic personality ideas and the unconscious but were different in:

  • More emphasis on conscious minds
  • doubted that only sex and aggression were all-consuming motivations
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17
Q

Alfred Adler

A

Social interaction is key

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17
Q

Alfred Adler

A

Social interaction is key

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18
Q

Inferiority Complex

A

Insecure people struggle to look better, spend life trying to dominate, and control others

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19
Q

Carl Jung

A

Freud follower turned dissenter, doubts animal instinct - focuses on innate capabilities

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20
Q

Collective Unconscious

A

Universal experiences shared by human race

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21
Q

Archetypes

A

Universal cultural themes

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22
Q

Persona

A

A mask to hide true self

23
Q

Anima

A

Feminine aspect of persona

24
Q

Animus

A

Masculine aspect of persona

25
Q

Erik Erikson

A

Opportunity to change throughout life

26
Q

Trust v Mistrust

A

Infant dependence on caregiver

27
Q

Autonomy v Shame

A

Physical independence

28
Q

Initiative v Guilt

A

Explore, intellectual separateness

29
Q

Industry v Inferiority

A

Molded, skills, lack rewards

30
Q

Identity v Identity Confusion

A

Self-identity in group

31
Q

Intimacy v Isolation

A

Permanent relationships

32
Q

Generatively v Stagnation

A

Gives something important

33
Q

Ego Integrity v Ego Despair

A

Dignity at completion of life or lack control

34
Q

Projective Tests

A

Personality test to measure inner feelings elicited by a vague stimulus like an ink blot or picture

35
Q

Thematic Apperception Test

A

Shown vague pictures and asked to interpret them by adding stories

36
Q

Rorschach Inkblot Test

A

Hermann Rorschach, a Swiss psychologist creates in ink blot cards

37
Q

Situational Assessments

A

Look at how circumstances surrounding an event influence people’s responses

38
Q

Norms

A

Patterns of test answers from different types of people

39
Q

The Humanistic Perspective

A

Focus of the ways healthy people strive for self-determination and self-realization

40
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Each inherit something unique and if the enviroment cooperates we have opportunity for greatness

41
Q

Carl Rogers

A

People are basically good, problems living up to ideal self

42
Q

Frank Fromm

A

Distinctively human or existential needs

43
Q

5 points of Fromm’s theory

A
  • Relatedness
  • Transcendence
  • Rootedness
  • Sense of Identity
  • Frame of Orientation
44
Q

Behaviorism

A

Unconscious is ignored, focus on behaviors and that out personalities evolve from rewards and punishments

45
Q

John B. Watson

A

If we could control environment from infancy, mold person into anything

46
Q

B.F. skinner

A

Everything is a result of a mechanical association of events with consequences

47
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Some things are learned by straight association, but what about our ability to think, analyze, and inferiority?

48
Q

Trait Theories

A

Personality traits make up out personality, influence, how we perceive the world and respond to it

49
Q

Gordon Allport

A
  • Cardinal Traits
  • Central Traits
  • Secondary Traits
50
Q

Raymond Cattell

A
  • Surface Traits

- Source Traits

51
Q

Hans Eysenck

A
  • Extroversion

- Emotional Stability

52
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

A

Five personality traits appear early or are inherited, found across cultures and seem to be enduring over lifetime

53
Q

MMPI measure these 5 points

A
  • Conscientiousness
  • Agreeableness
  • Neuroticism
  • Openness
  • Extraversion
54
Q

These Three Characteristics remain the same regardless of age:

A
  • Friendliness
  • Eagerness
  • Comfort/Anxiety levels

AP Psychology (9 decks)

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