Chapter 5: Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution 1700 - 1775

Question 1

Colonists’ impact on Native Americans
(Theme)

Answer 1

1. Disease was easily inflicted and was devastating
2. European goods entered Indian’s lives and some even rivaled European power
   - Often built their own supply of weapons
   - Some chose to enter European societies and adopt Christianity
   Theme 6 (MIG)

Question 2

Borderlands

Answer 2

1. Land between European and native civilizations
2. Some Indians were lucky and were able to stay together and took advantage of their location of the borderlands

Question 3

InBTWN
(Population changes)

Answer 3

• Population began to boom
• English settlers to colonizers ratio -> 3:1, used to be 20:1
• Setup for shift between colonists and England

Question 4

Pennsylvania Dutch (Germans) V. Scots-Irish
(Theme)

Answer 4

1. The Scots-Irish were more restless and made rickety homes while the Germans made stable homes
   - Germans worked the ground w/ hard work but the Irish planted wherever
2. The German were around the coast so the Scots-Irish settled in the west
   Theme 4 (ARC)

Question 5

Paxton Boys

Answer 5

1. Armed as they protested Quaker’s policy towards Indians
2. They also attacked the Regulator movement

Question 6

Regulator Movement
(ThemeS)

Answer 6

1. An uprising against the European domination over the colonies
2. Created revolutionaries
   Theme 1/2 (NAT/POL)

Question 7

How African culture influenced the colonies
(Theme)

Answer 7

1. Some Africans incorporated English into their new languages which caused some settlers to pick up some of the new words
2. Africans also brought some music like banjos which was incorporated into American culture
   Theme 4 (ARC)

Question 8

New York Slave Revolt

Answer 8

1. Started w/ slaves longing for freedom
2. Killed nine whites and led to the execution of 21 slaves

Question 9

South Carolina slave revolt

Answer 9

1. Blacks got weapons and tried to march to Florida but were stopped
2. Large group of slaves (50)

Question 10

Stono River

Answer 10

1. The slaves around here began to revolt
2. River in South Carolina

Question 11

Jayle birds

Answer 11

1. Unwanted people of England who were shipped to America
2. Jumbled group of paupers and convicts

Question 12

Triangular Trade
(Theme)

Answer 12

1. Very profitable
2. Some sort of person/merchant would make barters in a repeating cycle, making profit still
   Theme 3 (WXT)

Question 13

Molasses Act 1733
(Theme)

Answer 13

1. Aimed to target America’s profit from trade w/ the French West Indies
2. It encouraged smuggling and bribing instead
   Theme 8 (WOR)

Question 14

InBTWN
(Disease and advancing in industrialization)

Answer 14

• Epidemics were a great fear since there was poor medicine
• America had transportation problems but roads were made
• Led to taverns sprouting next to the roads

Question 15

Angelican V. Congregational church
(Theme)

Answer 15

1. The Angelican Church strayed away from their promise, as it was less fierce and more worldly than Puritans, they taught less harshly
2. The Congregational church enforced rules more seriously and did taxing
   Theme 4 (ARC)

Question 16

Predesination

Answer 16

1. Threatened by Arminianism
2. A divine decree that determined a person’s fate

Question 17

Arminianism

Answer 17

1. Theory that a person’s free will determined their fate and anybody could be saved not just the elect
2. Named after Jacobus Arminius

Question 18

Great Awakening

Answer 18

1. Jonathan Edwards spread the idea that believing in salvation and affirming that you need God’s grace
2. Waved through the colonies quickly in the 1730-40

Question 19

John Edward

Answer 19

1. Caused the Great Awakening
2. His sermons started a sympathetic reaction

Question 20

George Whitefield

Answer 20

1. He was a powerful and convincing speaker
2. He started a revolution of spiritual life in the colonies
   - He had the message about human’s helplessness and Gods omnipotence

Question 21

Old lights vs. New lights

Answer 21

1. Old lights were orthodox clergy men who doubted the revivalists
2. The New Lights defended the Awakening saying that it revived American religion

Question 22

Education in the colonies

Answer 22

1. Instead of good education, they focused on good Christianity in the New England Area
2. The middle Colonies + south struggled to find a consistent system
3. Some colleges at first focused on Christianity but most taught theology and “dead” languages

Question 23

University of Pennsylvania

Answer 23

1. The first college free from religion’s domination in America
2. Ben Franklin helped launch it

Question 24

John Trumble

Answer 24

1. He traveled to London as an aspiring artist
2. America was not exactly the best place for an artist

Question 25

Charles Wilson Peale

Answer 25

1. Painted portraits of George Washington
2. He also ran a few other jobs, running a museum, dentistry, and stuffing birds

Question 26

Benjamin West

Answer 26

1. Gifted painted and succeeded
2. Had to travel abroad to England to find subjects

Question 27

John Singleton Copley

Answer 27

1. Also gifted and traveled abroad for his career
2. Was a loyalist in the war and became the official court painted and friends w/ George III

Question 28

Phyliss Wheatley

Answer 28

1. She was an enslaved girl who wrote distinguished poems
2. She wrote poetry about Alexander Pope’s influence

Question 29

Poor Richards Almanac
(Theme)

Answer 29

1. Written by Benjamin Franklin
2. Contains expressive sayings from thinkers, sort of gave witty advice
   Theme 1 (NAT)

Question 30

John Peter Zenger/Zenger Trial
(Theme)

Answer 30

1. He was a newspaper printer who wrote something that attacked the corrupt royal governor
2. It reflected the chaotic politics at the time
3. Created the freedom of press
   Theme 1 (NAT)

Question 31

Charter Colonies

Answer 31

1. Connecticut and Rhode Island
2. They consisted of their own governors w/ self-governing charters

Question 32

Royal colonies

Answer 32

1. Eight colonies who had royal governors in charge from the king
2. Consisted of the upper house/council appointed by the crown

Question 33

Proprietary colonies

Answer 33

1. Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware
2. Proprietors chose the governors

Question 34

Governors
(Theme)

Answer 34

1. Most were good people but there were some who were corrupt
2. Most had trouble b/c the crown was miles away and they were supposed to rule as the crown
   Theme 2 (POL)

Question 35

Colonial Assemblies
(Theme)

Answer 35

1. Figured out ways to get around the royal governor’s authority
2. One common way was to keep from paying the governor in order to get what they wanted
   Theme 2 (POL)

Question 36

Qualifications for voting
(ThemeS)

Answer 36

1. There were often religious and property qualifications
   - But It was often available to get land so many white males had the right to vote
2. Most didn’t actually give a ballot but took the chance to get rid of corrupt leaders
   Theme 1/2 (NAT/POL)