Chapter 1: New World Beginnings 33,000 BCE - 1680 CE Flashcards
1
Q
Canadian Shield
(Theme)
A
- After Pangaea, North America stayed in place b/c of the Canadian Shield
- A zone that wasn’t held back by ancient rock, enabling it to rise above sea level
- When the shield gained depression, rivers changed direction of flow
- influence American Geography!
Theme 7 (GEO)
2
Q
Incas
(Theme)
A
- Tribe in Peru -> sophisticated civilization
- Lacked simple tech/large animals but were able to sustain themselves w/ maize
- managed to build cities, businesses, math for astronomy
Theme 4 (ARC)
3
Q
Aztecs
(Theme)
A
- Tribe in Mexico -> sophisticated civilization
-
They believed in Gods whom they gave sacrifices to, hoping for favor
- had similar lacking as Incas but also had maize, cities, businesses, math
Theme 4 (ARC)
4
Q
Pueblo
(Theme)
A
- People of Rio Grande Valley
-
Created irrigation systems for their cornfields
- means village in Spanish
- advanced farming/life even further
Theme 3 (WXT)
5
Q
Maize/Corn
(Theme)
A
- Cultivation/development of maize began in Mexico
- Sustained life of Aztecs + Incas
- when corn cultivation arrived to other places in America indicated how different each society evolved
Theme 3 (WXT)
6
Q
Nation States
(A sovereign territory w/ a group that shares a common history)
A
- None comparable to the Aztecs existed during the European’s arrival
- Leagues, confederations, chiefdom existed instead in order to build a small or large community
7
Q
Cahokia
A
- Settlement in Mississippi
- Disappeared, maybe devastated by climate change, deforestation + flooding
8
Q
Three Sister Farming
A
- Utilized corn, squash, beans and each contributed a trait to make the cultivation better
- Created a rich diet
- Cornstalk was foundation, the squash retained moisture in the soil, the corn was cover
9
Q
Iroquois Confederacy
A
- Created an alliance to menace their neighbors by using political and organizational skills + were inspired by Hiawatha
- Created the closest North American thing to the Aztec + Inca empires
- Depended on agriculture a lot in order to eat
10
Q
InBTWN
(beginning of explorers)
A
- Native Americans didn’t bring a heavy toil upon the land
- Europeans felt ambitious to explore the world so they went to Asia
- Eastern luxuries were expensive in Europe, exported from large distances
- Began to enter Africa in order to get to Asia
11
Q
Caravel
(Theme)
A
- Purpose: to sail more certainly against the wind to get home
- Could sail more closely into the wind
- Didn’t exactly need it b/c they discovered they could sail northwest to get back home
Theme 3 (WXT)
12
Q
InBTWN
(Slavery)
A
- Slave trades began
- They had them work on sugar plantations
13
Q
Plantation
(ThemeS)
A
- They are found to be originally from Africa
- They were where slaves worked
- Large amount of Agriculture + slave labor
- Shaped the fate of New World
Theme 8 (WOR)
Theme 3 (WXT)
14
Q
Vasco da Gama
A
- Reached India 10 years after Bartholomeu Dias went thru the southernest tip of Africa
- Retured w/ jewels + spices
15
Q
Ferdinand of Aragon
A
- Marriage to Isabella of Castile gave Spain strength
- The strength caused the Spaniards to beat Portugal in their race to wealth from the Indies