Chapter 5 atomic theory/structure

Question 1

All elements have neutrons, except what?

Answer 1

The simplest of hydrogen Dash not an isotope

Question 2

Isotopes are what?

Answer 2

Isotope means same place.

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of
neutrons (which means a different atomic mass)

They belong in the same place on the periodic table

Question 3

Summarize the atomic theory by Dalton

Answer 3

Elements are composed of indivisible particles called atoms

Atoms of the same element are chemically alike. Atoms of different elements are chemically different.

Atoms combine in simple WHOLE NUMBER RATIOS to form compounds

Atoms of the same two elements can combine in more than one way to form different compounds

Question 4

What part of Dalton’s at atomic theory has been discarded based on evidence

Answer 4

We now know:
Adams are composed of subatomic particles

Not all atoms of a specific element have the same mass

Adams under special circumstances can be decomposed

Question 5

What is the law of definite composition

Answer 5

A compound always contains two or more elements, chemically combined in a definite proportion to mass

Question 6

What is the law of multiple proportions?

Answer 6

Adams of two or more elements make combine in different ratios to produce more than one compound

Question 7

Force equals what?

Answer 7

Distance of charges to each other, and the amount of charge

Question 8

What are charged particles called?

Answer 8

Ions

Question 9

What did faraday discover ?
1791 through 1867

Answer 9

Some substances can conduct electricity, when dissolved in water, some compounds can decompose into charged particles that then move based on attraction for other charged particles-ions

Question 10

JJ Thompson discovered the electron using experiments using cathode rays. What else did he discover about electrons?

Answer 10

 He discovered electrons:
travel in straight lines
are negative in charge
deflected by electricity and magnetic fields
Produce sharp shadows
capable of moving small paddle wheel

Question 11

What are the symbols for subatomic particles?

Answer 11

Proton is a small p with a plus
Neutron is a small and w/ small o
Electron is small e with -

Question 12

What is the charge for each subatomic particle?

Answer 12

Proton is positive
neutron is neutral
electron is negative

Question 13

What is Amu stand for?

Answer 13

Atomic mass unit

Question 14

What is the AMU of each subatomic particle?

Answer 14

Proton is one neutron is one electron is zero

Question 15

Describe Rutherford’s gold foil experiment observations as he was messaging, the alpha particles straight through the gold foil, discovering the neucleus

Answer 15

Observation: most of the alpha particles went straight through the gold foil. conclusion most of the atom is empty Space.

Observation: very few alpha particles bounced off the gold foil.
Conclusion: the alpha particles hit some thing: small, positive, massive. NUCLEUS

Question 16

Most of the mass of an atom is where

Answer 16

In the nucleus - protons and neutrons

Question 17

Most of the atom is formed of what

Answer 17

Empty space- electron cloud

Question 18

What is the atomic number?

Answer 18

The number of protons in the nucleus

Question 19

What is an isotope?

Not sure if this is correct?? Text og 96
Says isotope is same atomic number diff atomic mass

Answer 19

The number of atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

Question 20

What is mass number?

Answer 20

Protons plus neutrons added together.

Priests and nuns go to mass

Question 21

Is mass number on the periodic table

Answer 21

No

Question 22

In the mass number,
what is hyphen notation?

Answer 22

After the-is the mass number
Lithium -6
Lithium -7

Question 23

What is nuclear notation?

Answer 23

6 (MASS NUMBER)
Li (Symbol)
3 (ATOMIC NUMBER)

Question 24

Explain atomic mass

Answer 24

This is the average mass of the isotopes of an element.
This is a weighted average mass of iPad isotopes with larger abundance in nature account for more of the average mass. This is NOT the same as calculating the mean of a set of numbers.

Question 25

When there’s a neutral charge, what is equal?

Answer 25

Protons and electrons

Question 26

Atoms, form ions, through loss or gain of what

Answer 26

Electrons

Question 27

107 +
47

     Ag

Explain this notation

Answer 27

107 is mass # and # of protons and neutrons

47 is # of protons

+ is charge, # of electrons

Question 28

What three numbers are always the same

Answer 28

Atomic number, protons, electrons,

Question 29

Question 30

When it’s a low frequency, electrons tap the metal instead of bouncing off

Question 31

In an isotope the number after the-equals the what?

Answer 31

Mass number

Question 32

How do we get the mass number?

Answer 32

Protons plus neutrons added together

Question 33

Is atomic mass and average mass the same?

Answer 33

Yes

Question 34

Mass number is the number of neutrons and protons in an isotope!!

Question 35

Average atomic mass (equation) should be somewhat the same as average mass on the periodic table!

Question 36

Mass # - atomic #= neutrons in isotope!!!

Question 37

What is the charge of a neutron?

Answer 37

study guide says

nothing or 0

Question 38

What’s the difference between an ion and an isotope?

Answer 38

Isotopes -different #neutrons.
ion gained or lost electrons, a negative or positive charge.