Chapter 2 Standards Of Measurement

Question 1

Definition of qualitative observation, an example

Answer 1

“Describe the QUALITY”

Descriptive, not numerical.

Gas bubbles, cloudy, shiny 

Question 2

Definition of quantitative observations and examples

Answer 2

MEASUREMENTS - number and unit

Mass
Volume

Question 3

What is accuracy

Answer 3

Denotes nearness of a measured value to an accepted value .
Ask yourself, Am I right??

Question 4

What is precision?

Answer 4

Nearness of measured value to other measurements made in same way
over and over again

Ask yourself Did I get the same answer more than once?

Question 5

Formula for % of error

Answer 5

Experimental - accepted value
———————— (divided by)
Accepted value

Times 100 = % of error

If the answer is neg answer is lower than accepted value

If answer is positive, it’s higher than accepted value

Question 6

Scientific notation notes

Answer 6

2.510 × 10 to the 3rdpower equals 2510

O.024×10 to the -2nd power equals 0.024

Question 7

SI system of measurement prefixes:
Nano =
Micro =
Mega =

Answer 7

Nano 10 to the neg 9 billionth
Micro 10 to the neg 6 millionth
Mega 10 to the 6th million

Question 8

Base Units for mass, Volume, time?

Answer 8

Mass equals grams,
volume equals liters,
time equals seconds

Question 9

Acronym for metric conversion chart?

Answer 9

King Henry died by drinking chocolate milk

Kilo, hecto, deka, base, Deci, centi, milli

Question 10

Is volume one of the seven fundamental quantities of measurement?

Answer 10

No, it is derived from length

Volume equals length times width times height

Question 11

Is density one of the seven fundamental quantities of measurement?

Answer 11

No. It is derived measured as mass per unit volume.

Hi, 1 cm² sample of lead or aluminum have the same volume but not same mass. And therefore a different density.

Question 12

Notes on precision

Answer 12

Read to the limits of its precision N write all the available digits on the device +1

Don’t discriminate against zero. If it says 3.60 include the zero.

The last digit is the doubtful/uncertain digit 

Question 13

What are the rules for significant digits?

Answer 13

All non zero digits are significant
Exact numbers have an infinite number of significant digits (ie if measured
1000 km
Or COUNTED 24students

Question 14

What are the rules for zeros in significant digits?

Answer 14

Leading never
Middle always
End if decimal

Question 15

Regarding significant digits. Do we reflect the best or the worst accuracy of the measuring equipment?

Answer 15

Worst

Question 16

How do we calculate significant digits in a multiplication/division equation?

Answer 16

“Sig dig the divide”

MULTIPLY/DIVIDE SIG DIG

Use the number of significant digits

Question 17

How do we figured the significant digits in a addition or subtraction problem?

Answer 17

+- DECIMAL PLACE

Add up all the numbers by decimal point and answer can have no more places pass the decimal than the measured value with the FEWEST PLACES PAST THE DECIMAL

Question 18

Regarding significant digits, N do we do the equation 1st or significant digits first?

Answer 18

Do the equation 1st, and have the answer according to significant digits

Question 19

Standard unit of length,
mass,
volume,
temperature?

Answer 19

Meter
Kilogram
Liter
Kelvin

Meter equals how far light travels in a fraction of a second

Mass is not the same as weight is measured with a balance (not scale)

Volume is derived quantity
Note -don’t measure volume with a beaker

Density mass per unit volume. Measured in G/ML or KG/L.

Specific gravity is density without the units

SI unit of temperature is kelvin
Common unit of temperature is Celsius

Question 20

How many degree difference is it between freezing and boiling point of water in both Celsius and kelvin scale?

Answer 20

100°

Question 21

How many degree difference between freezing and boiling in the Fahrenheit scale?

Answer 21

180°

Question 22

What is absolute zero?

Answer 22

The lowest possible temperature on the kelvin scale is 0 K
EQUAL TO CELSIUS -273°C 

Question 23

When solving a problem-always write the formula for Tammy, including the numbers for each unit

Answer 23

M= 45.6
V= 3.2
D= ??

D= m
—-
V

In the equation units, do not cancel if there are no units in common 

Question 24

Memorize 1 mile equal how many meters?

Answer 24

1600 mEters

Question 25

Memorize 1 m equals how many centimeters

Answer 25

100 cm 

Question 26

When doing a conversion equation, what do we put in first

Answer 26

Units first then numbers

Put on the bottom whatever units you want to get rid of

Question 27

Must practice conversion, fraction equations!

Question 28

1 mile equals how many kilometers

Answer 28

1.6

Question 29

1 gallon equals how many liters

Answer 29

3.78 L.

Question 30

1 inch equals how many centimeters

Answer 30

2.54 cm.

Question 31

1 L equals how many quarts

Answer 31

1.06 quarts

Question 32

1 pound equals how many grams

Answer 32

454 g

Question 33

1 ton equals how many pounds

Answer 33

2000 pounds

Question 34

How many centimeters in a meter?

Answer 34

100