Chapter 2 Standards Of Measurement Flashcards
Definition of qualitative observation, an example
“Describe the QUALITY”
Descriptive, not numerical.
Gas bubbles, cloudy, shiny 
Definition of quantitative observations and examples
MEASUREMENTS - number and unit
Mass
Volume
What is accuracy
Denotes nearness of a measured value to an accepted value .
Ask yourself, Am I right??
What is precision?
Nearness of measured value to other measurements made in same way
over and over again
Ask yourself Did I get the same answer more than once?
Formula for % of error
Experimental - accepted value
———————— (divided by)
Accepted value
Times 100 = % of error
If the answer is neg answer is lower than accepted value
If answer is positive, it’s higher than accepted value
Scientific notation notes
2.510 × 10 to the 3rdpower equals 2510

O.024×10 to the -2nd power equals 0.024
SI system of measurement prefixes:
Nano =
Micro =
Mega =
Nano 10 to the neg 9 billionth
Micro 10 to the neg 6 millionth
Mega 10 to the 6th million
Base Units for mass, Volume, time?
Mass equals grams,
volume equals liters,
time equals seconds
Acronym for metric conversion chart?
King Henry died by drinking chocolate milk
Kilo, hecto, deka, base, Deci, centi, milli
Is volume one of the seven fundamental quantities of measurement?
No, it is derived from length
Volume equals length times width times height
Is density one of the seven fundamental quantities of measurement?
No. It is derived measured as mass per unit volume.
Hi, 1 cm² sample of lead or aluminum have the same volume but not same mass. And therefore a different density.
Notes on precision
Read to the limits of its precision N write all the available digits on the device +1
Don’t discriminate against zero. If it says 3.60 include the zero.
The last digit is the doubtful/uncertain digit 
What are the rules for significant digits?
All non zero digits are significant
Exact numbers have an infinite number of significant digits (ie if measured
1000 km
Or COUNTED 24students
What are the rules for zeros in significant digits?
Leading never
Middle always
End if decimal
Regarding significant digits. Do we reflect the best or the worst accuracy of the measuring equipment?
Worst
How do we calculate significant digits in a multiplication/division equation?
“Sig dig the divide”
MULTIPLY/DIVIDE SIG DIG
Use the number of significant digits
How do we figured the significant digits in a addition or subtraction problem?
+- DECIMAL PLACE
Add up all the numbers by decimal point and answer can have no more places pass the decimal than the measured value with the FEWEST PLACES PAST THE DECIMAL
Regarding significant digits, N do we do the equation 1st or significant digits first?
Do the equation 1st, and have the answer according to significant digits
Standard unit of length,
mass,
volume,
temperature?
Meter
Kilogram
Liter
Kelvin
Meter equals how far light travels in a fraction of a second
Mass is not the same as weight is measured with a balance (not scale)
Volume is derived quantity
Note -don’t measure volume with a beaker
Density mass per unit volume. Measured in G/ML or KG/L.
Specific gravity is density without the units
SI unit of temperature is kelvin
Common unit of temperature is Celsius
How many degree difference is it between freezing and boiling point of water in both Celsius and kelvin scale?
100°
How many degree difference between freezing and boiling in the Fahrenheit scale?
180°
What is absolute zero?
The lowest possible temperature on the kelvin scale is 0 K
EQUAL TO CELSIUS -273°C 
When solving a problem-always write the formula for Tammy, including the numbers for each unit
M= 45.6
V= 3.2
D= ??
D= m
—-
V
In the equation units, do not cancel if there are no units in common 
Memorize 1 mile equal how many meters?
1600 mEters
Memorize 1 m equals how many centimeters
100 cm 
When doing a conversion equation, what do we put in first
Units first then numbers
Put on the bottom whatever units you want to get rid of
Must practice conversion, fraction equations!
1 mile equals how many kilometers
1.6
1 gallon equals how many liters
3.78 L.
1 inch equals how many centimeters
2.54 cm.
1 L equals how many quarts
1.06 quarts
1 pound equals how many grams
454 g
1 ton equals how many pounds
2000 pounds
How many centimeters in a meter?
100
