Chaoter 14 Solutions

Question 1

What’s the difference between a solute and a solvent?

Answer 1

Solute is a substance being dissolved like sugar in sugar water

A solvent is a dissolving agent

Question 2

Remember, solutions are mixtures, and the composition is variable

Question 3

Remember solutions are homogeneous

Question 4

Solute particles are super small and remain distributed throughout and never settle. And since this is a mixture, it can usually be separated by physical means.

Question 5

Give an example of a gas solute
and gas Solvent

Answer 5

Air is a gas, solute and solvent

Soda has a gas, solute and liquid solvent

Question 6

Give an example of a solid solute liquid solvent

Ex solid, solute and solid solvent

Answer 6

 Kool-Aid and salt water are solid, solute, and liquid solvent

Any alloy brass bronze steel are solid, solute, and solid solvent

Question 7

Give an example of a liquid solute and liquid solvent

Answer 7

Vinegar which is acetic acid and water

Question 8

What is the solution process?

Answer 8

Solvent surrounds solute
Solvent pulls solute into solution
Solvent distribute particles evenly

Surround, Pull, distribute

Question 9

Do you need to stir solutions?

Answer 9

No! They make them selves

Question 10

Explain what helps solutions stir themselves

Answer 10

Electric charge, opposites, attract, and water is the most common solvent, and is polar

Question 11

Definition of disassociation?

Answer 11

SEPARATION  of ions by action of solvent

Question 12

What is ionization?

Answer 12

CREATION of ions by actions of a solvent 

Question 13

 Like dissolves like means what?

Answer 13

 polar solutes, dissolve well in polar solvents
Nonpolar, solute, dissolve well in nonpolar solvents 

Question 14

Why does like dissolves, like
regarding polar, nonpolar, and ionic solute and solvents?

Answer 14

There are no attractive or repulsive forces due to the lack of charge so they will mix by “filling in spaces “between neighboring molecules 

Question 15

What’s the definition of solubility

Answer 15

The amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature, (and pressure if the solute is a gas)

Question 16

Do most solids increase or decrease solubility with temperature increase?

Answer 16

Increase soluability

Question 17

Do most gases increased or decrease solubility with temperature?

Answer 17

Most gas is decrease soluability

Question 18

Definition of miscible

Answer 18

Two liquids that mix well

Immiscible is two liquids that don’t mix well

Question 19

Summarize nature of substances in page 331 in textbook

Answer 19

Question 20

What is a saturated solution?

Answer 20

Cmaximum amount of a solute
for given amount of solvent
specific temperature 

Question 21

In lab whats the only way to be certain you have prepared a saturated solution?

Answer 21

Add until you see some solid at the bottom. Then could filter it later so it’s homogenous.

Question 22

How do you prepare a supersaturated solution?

Answer 22

Dissolved solute in water until solution is saturated at that temperature

Heat the solution

Add more solute at the temperature, and make sure it dissolves

Cool slowly and without disturbing

Adding a seed crystal when the solution has cooled, will cause the extra solute to “fall out “of solution 

Question 23

Does the rate of dissolving decrease or increase as the solution approaches the saturation point?

Answer 23

Decrees because there’s less room to run around with the water molecules and dissolve 

Question 24

What does S mean on the solubility table?

Answer 24

Not soluabile
It means there is a solid at the bottom.

Question 25

What does AQ mean on the solubility table?

Answer 25

It means it is soluble 

Question 26

Why do elements for a solid or precipitate?

Answer 26

They are more attracted to each other than the water or solution

Question 27

What’s the difference between a dilute or a concentrated solution?

Answer 27

Dilute contains relatively small amount of solute for the amount of solvent

Concentrated contains a relatively large amount of solute for the amount of solvent

Question 28

What is the limitation of using dilute for concentrated to describe solution? Concentration concentrations?

Answer 28

Subjective/open to interpretation

Question 29

Quantifying a solution concentration-
Percent by mass
How is this done

Answer 29

Mass of a solute
Over
TOTAL solution of mass
X100

Question 30

Quantitative knee, describing a solution concentration by mass/volume

How is this done?

Answer 30

Mass of solute
Divided by
mL of solution
X100

Question 31

Quantitively describing a solution concentration by volume is done how?

Answer 31

Volume of liquid
Divided by
Total volume of solution
X 100

Question 32

Add net, ionic equations information here

Question 33

Is describing a solution, as dilute are concentrated, a qualitative or quantitative description

Answer 33

Qualitative

Question 34

Tyndall test is for what

Answer 34

Distinguish between a solution and colloid.