Chapter 3 elements and compounds

Question 1

What is the smallest piece of an element that is capable of independent existence?

Answer 1

An atom

Question 2

Who wrote the atomic theory?

Answer 2

John Dalton, he described Adams as indivisible

Question 3

The most abundant element on earth is what

Answer 3

Oxygen due to its presence in the atmosphere, as well as in rocks, sand and soil it’s also the most abundant element in the human body, followed by carbon and hydrogen

Question 4

Sublimation means what

Answer 4

To change directly from a solid to a gas

Question 5

Characteristics of noble gases

Answer 5

Found in nature in pure form, low reactivity

Question 6

Most metal elements are what state at room temperature

Answer 6

Salad except mercury, which is liquid

Question 7

What are properties shared by medals?

Answer 7

Shiny/high luster, ductile, malleable, good conductors, high melting points

Question 8

What are alloys

Answer 8

Metals physically mix to make a special solution such as bronze brass

Question 9

What are non-metal characteristics

Answer 9

Dial in appearance, low, melting, point poor conductor brittle

Question 10

What are metalloids

Answer 10

Elements with properties midway between metals and nonmetals, sometimes called semi conductors, touching the stair step in the periodic table

Question 11

What does the word periodic mean

Answer 11

Repeating, according to a pattern

Question 12

Explain Dimitri mendeleev contributions

Answer 12

Successfully organized elements into official table, organized the elements in order of increasing atomic weight, so elements with similar properties with land in the same role

Question 13

What’s the difference between vertical and horizontal columns in the periodic table?

Answer 13

Vertical columns are groups or families with similar properties, horizontal rows are. And do not have similar properties.

Question 14

Characteristics of alkali metals

Answer 14

Extremely reactive metals found in the first column group one

Question 15

Characteristics of alkali earth metals?

Answer 15

Reactive metals found in the second column, group 2

Question 16

Where are transition elements found?

Answer 16

Groups three through 12

Question 17

Characteristics of halogens

Answer 17

Very reactive nonmetals found in group 17

Question 18

Characteristics of noble gases

Answer 18

Highly on reactive nonmetals found in the final group 18

Question 19

To the left of the stair step, what are all elements except for one

Answer 19

Metals, except for hydrogen. The elements to the right of the stairstep are nonmetals elements that touch the stairstep are metalloids.

Question 20

Are most elements free in nature

Answer 20

No elements are reactive, and have already combined with other elements usually

Question 21

What is a diatomic molecule

Answer 21

A molecule that always contains two elements of the same element bonded together. These are hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen fluorine chlorine, bromine iodine.

Question 22

What are compounds?

Answer 22

A substance that’s composed of two or more elements, Chemically combined in a Definite ratio

Question 23

What are the two types of compounds

Answer 23

Molecular and ionic

Question 24

What is a molecular compound?

Answer 24

Made up of individual molecules, composed of atoms

Question 25

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 25

It’s formed from ions that are either positive or negative

Question 26

What are the representative elements?

Answer 26

Groups one, two, and 13 through 18

Question 27

What’s the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Answer 27

Compound:
Combined chemically,
distinct substance
combined in a definite ratio

Mixture:
Combined, physically,
individual components retain their own properties,
variable in composition

Question 28

What is a molecule

Answer 28

The smallest piece of a compound capable of independent existence

Question 29

What is an ion?

Answer 29

Positive or negative charged atom or group of atoms

Question 30

What is a positive charged ionic compound called?

Answer 30

Cation. Negative is called anion.

Question 31

Technically the smallest piece of an ionic compound capable of independent existence is called what

Answer 31

Formula unit rather than a molecule

Question 32

What is the subscript in a chemical chemical formula represent?

Answer 32

The number of atoms of each element present in a molecule or formula unit

Question 33

What’s the difference between a molecule and an atom?

Answer 33

 A molecule is the smallest of a compound,
an atom is the smallest element capable of independent existence.

This is my note is it correct?

Question 34

In a chemical formula, what happens when we have a parentheses?

Answer 34

The subscript on the outside is applied to all elements grouped by the parentheses

Question 35

What is the law of definite composition?

Answer 35

A compound always contains two or more elements, chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass

Question 36

What is mass

Answer 36

The amount of matter in an object, it’s like wait only weight equals the amount of gravity on an object which is dependent on location

Question 37

What is the law of multiple proportions?

Answer 37

Atoms of two or more elements may combine in different ratios to produce more than one compound