Chapter 5 Flashcards
What is managing the project scope primarily concerned with?
Defining and controlling what is and is not included in the project
What are the project scope management processes?
Plan scope management Collect requirements Define scope Create WBS Validate scope Control scope
What’s a product scope
The features and functions that characterize a product, service or result.
Describe a predictive life cycle
The project deliverables are defined at the beginning of the project and any changes to the scope are progressively managed.
Describe an adaptive or agile life cycle
The deliverables are developed over multiple interactions where a detailed scope is defined and approved for each iteration when it begins
The scope of this project life will be decomposed into a set of requirements and work to be performed
This is called a product backlog
Adaptive project
What does a team do at the beginning of an iteration of a product backlog for an adaptive lifecycle
Work to determine how many of the highest priority items on the backlog list can be delivered within the next iteration
In an adaptive life cycle what are the three processes to be repeated for each iteration.
Collect requirements
Define scope
Create WBS
In a predictive project the collect requirements, define scope, and create WBS processes are performed toward the beginning of the project and updated as necessary using the integrated control process.
….
Project with what type of lifecycle respond to high level change and require ongoing stakeholder engagement?
Project with adaptive lifecycles
Validate scope and control scope are repeated for each iteration in what lifecycle?
Adaptive or agile life cycles
The validate scope process occurs with each deliverable or phase review and control scope is an ongoing process in what type of lifecycle?
Predictive
In the predictive projects , the scope baseline for the project is the approved version of…
The project scope statement
Work break down structure (WBS)
And the associated WBS dictionary
What do projects with adaptive life cycles use to reflect their current needs/requirements?
Backlogs
What is validate scope.
The process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables
What is a new trend/emerging practice in project scope management?
Using business analysis to their competitive advantage
What are the responsibilities of a business analyst assigned to a project?
Requirement related activities
This type of environment deliberately spend less time trying to define and agree on scope in the early stage of the project and spend more time establishing the process for its ongoing discovery and refinement
Agile
What is plan scope management
The process of creating a scope management plan that documents how the project and product scope will be defined, validated, and controlled
What they key benefit of the plan scope management process?
It provides guidance and direction on how scope will be managed throughout the project
What type of data analysis is used for project scope management?
Alternative analysis
Various ways of collecting requirements, elaborating the project and product scope, creating the product, validating the scope, and controlling the scope are evaluated.
what is the Component of the project management plan that describes how project and product requirements will be analyzed, documented, and managed.
Requirements management plan
Aka business analysis plan
The process of determining , documenting, and managing stakeholder needs and requirements to meet objectives
Collect requirements
What’s the foundation of WBS ?
Requirements
A formal or informal approach to elicit informs from stakeholders by talking to them directly
Brainstorming
A voting process used to rank the most useful ideas for further brainstorming or for prioritization. Structured form of brainstorming using 4 steps.
Nominal group technique
What’s another name for observation?
Job shadowing
The following are all examples of?
Joint application design/development (JAD) ..In software development
Quality function deployment (QFD) using VOC
User stories -text descriptions of functionality
Facilitation - focused sessions that bring key stakeholders together to define product requirements
What’s an example of a scope model?
Context diagram
A method of early feedback on requirements by providing a model of the expected product before actually building it.
Prototyping
A pro typing technique showing sequence or navigation through a series of images or illustrations.
Storyboarding
Requirements documentation describes..
How individual requirements meet the business need for the project
Requirements must be what…to key stakeholders
Measurable and testable (unambiguous) Traceable Complete Acceptable Consistent
What are the different categories for requirements?
Business Stakeholder Solution ( functional and nonfunctional) Transition and readiness Project Quality
A grid that links product requirements from their origin to the deliverables that satisfy them
Traceability matrix
The process of developing a detailed description of the project and product
Define scope
What’s the key benefit of the define scope process
It describes the product, service, or result boundaries and acceptance criteria
How is the collect requirements process related to the define scope process?
The define scope process selects the final project requirements from the requirements documentation and further flushes it out with more details
The define scope process can be highly iterative
The detailed scope is determined one iteration at a time, and the detailed planning for the next iteration is carried out as work progresses on the project scope and deliverables
what is the description of the project scope, major deliverables, assumptions, and constraints. Documents the entire project and product scope. Project deliverables described in detail. May include explicit scope exclusions.
Project scope statement
The detailed project scope statement, either directly or by reference to other documents includes the following
Product scope description
Deliverables
Acceptance Criteria
Project exclusions
The project charter and project scope statement seem vary similar. How are they different?
The project charter contains high level information, while the project scope statement contains a detailed description of the scope components.
The process of subdividing project deliverables and project work into smaller, more manageable components.
Create WBS
What is the key benefit of create WBS process?
Provides a framework of what has to be delivered
What is the lowest level of WBS components for which cost and duration can be estimated and managed?
Work packages
A work package describes what?
Activities where work is scheduled and estimated, monitored, and controlled.
What is work defined as in the context of WBS?
Work products or deliverables that are the result of activity and not to the activity itself
A technique used for dividing and subdividing the project scope and project deliverables into smaller, more manageable parts.
Decomposition
What are some of the various WBS approaches?
Top-down
Bottom-up
Org specific ways
Templates
What WBS approach is used to group sub components?
Bottom up
WBS components represent
Verifiable products, services, or results
What is rolling wave planning.
When the project management team waits until a deliverable or subcomponent is agreed on before developing the details of the WBS and decomposing … this happened for deliverables that are planned far out into the future.
How may a WBS be structured?
methods of hierarchical breakdown like
Outlines
Org charts
If an agile approach is used what is decomposed?
Epics can be decomposed into user stories
What does verifying the correctness of the decomposition requires what?
Determining that the lower-level WBS components are those that are necessary and sufficient for completion of the corresponding higher- level deliverables
What work does the WBS represent?
All product and project work, including the project management work
What’s the 100% rule?
The total of the work at the lowest levels should roll up to the higher levels so that nothing is left out and no extra work is performed.
What’s the book for WBS
Practice standard for work breakdown structures
What is the scope baseline ?
The approved version of a scope statement, WBS, and its associated WBS dictionary, which can be changed only through formal change control procedures and is used as a basis for comparison
The scope baseline is a component of what?
The project management plan
What are components of the scope baseline?
Project scope statement WBS Work package Planning package WBS dictionary
Each work package is part of what ?
A control account
What’s a control account?
Management control point where scope, budget, and schedule are integrated and compared to the earned value for performance measurement. A control account has two or more work packages, though each work package is associated with a single control account
What is a planning package ?
Work breakdown structure component below the control account and above the work package with known work content but without detailed schedule activities.
What is the WBS dictionary?
A document that provides detailed deliverable, activity, and scheduling information about each component in the WBS. It supports the WBS.
Who creates most of the info in the WBS dictionary?
Other processes so it’s added as it comes
What is validate scope?
The process of formalizing acceptance of the completed project deliverables
What’s the key benefit of the validate scope process?
It brings objectivity to the process and increases the probability of final product, service, or result acceptance by validating each deliverable.
What’s the difference between the validate scope process and control quality process?
The validate scope process is concerned with the acceptance of the deliverables.
The control quality process is concerned with the correctness of the deliverables and meeting the quality requirements specified for the deliverables.
Control quality process is generally performed before validate scope although they can be performed in parallel.
What are verified deliverables?
Project deliverables that are completed and checked for correctness through the control quality process.
What are some tools used during the validate scope process?
Inspection
Decision making
This includes activities such as measuring, examining, and validating to determine whether work and deliverables meet requirements and product acceptance criteria.
Inspection
What is of particular interest when updating the requirements documentation after validating the scope?
When the actual results are better than the requirement or where a requirement was waived
What is the control scope process?
The process of monitoring the status of the project and product scope and managing changes to the scope baseline.
What is the key benefit of the control scope process?
The scope baseline is maintained throughout the project
When is the control scope process performed?
Throughout the project
Wha is scope creep?
The uncontrolled expansion to product or project scope without adjustments to time, cost, and resources
Change is inevitable so..l
Change control process is mandatory to every project
