Chapter 1 Flashcards
PMBOK
Def:knowledge within the profession of project management
How many process groups are there in project management
5
What is a methodology?
system of practices techniques procedures and rules used by those who work in a discipline
What is tailoring ?
using the right combination of project things
What type of practices is project management based on?
Project management is based on descriptive practices no prescriptive
What is a standard?
a document established by an authority custom or general consent as a model or example
Where can you find the professional common vocabulary used in project management?
The PMI lexicon of project management terms
What are the foundational values of the project management community?
Responsibility
Respect
Fairness
Honesty
What is a project?
a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product,service or result
Projects fulfill what…. by producing….
Objectives
Deliverables
Projects may produce deliverables of… nature?
Social
Economic
Material
Environmental
What are the states before and after a project?
Current state, then a project, then future state
What is business value ?
Net qualified panel benefit derived from a business endeavor
What’s a mega project?
A project that cost US$1billion or more,affect 1 million or more people, run for years
How do projects programs and portfolios differ in their….?
Life cycles Activities Objectives Focus Benefits
Projects , programs and portfolios might have the same …
Stakeholders
Resources
Project and program management focused on …
Doing projects and programs the right way
Portfolio management,net focuses on
doing the right programs and management
What’s a program component?
Projects and other programs within a program
Operations is concerned with
managing processes that transform inputs into outputs
Operations and projects have intersecting points
True or false
True
What do projects achieve?
organizational goals and objectives
What is OPM stand for?
Organizational project management
Describe OPM?
A framework in which portfolio, program and project management are integrated with organizational enablers in order to achieve strategic objectives
What is the purpose of OPM?
Ensure that the organization undertakes the right projects and allocates critical resources appropriately
What’s a project lifecycle
The series of phases that a project passes through from its start to its completion
What’s a collection of logically related project activities that culminates in the completion of one or more deliverables
Project phase
A review at the end of a phase in which decision is made to continue to the next phase, to continue with modification, or end a program or project?
Phase gate
What are project management processes?
A systematic series of activities directed toward causing an end result where one or more inputs will be acted upon to create one or more out puts.
What are the project management process groups?
Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring Controlling Closing
A logical grouping of project management inputs, tools and techniques.
Project management process groups
An identified area of project management defined by its knowledge requirements and described in terms of its components processes, practices, inputs, outputs, tools and techniques
Project management knowledge area
What are the phases in a project life cycle? Hthese are separated by phase gates)
Starting the project
Organizing and preparing
Carrying out the work
Ending the project
Phases may be?
Sequential, iterative, overlapping
What provides the basic framework for managing a project?
The project lifecycle
Project life cycles may be described as … or…?
Predictive or adaptive
Development lifecycles may be?
Predictive, iterative, incremental,adaptive or a hybrid.
Describe a predictive life cycle?
Project scope,time, and cost are determined in the early phases of the life cycle.
Any changes to the scope are carefully managed
What another name for predictive life cycles
Waterfall life cycles
Describe an iterative lifecycle
Project scope is determined early in the project lifecycle , but time and cost estimates are routinely modified as the project teams understanding of the product increases.
Iterations develop the product through a series of repeated cycles, while increments successively add to the functionality of the product
Describe incremental life cycle?
The deliverable is produced through a series of iterations that successively add functionality within a predetermined time frame. He deliverable contains the necessary and sufficient capability to be considered complete only after the final iteration
What is an adaptive life cycle?
They are Agile Iterative Incremental Detailed scope defined and approved before the start of an iteration
What’s another name for an adaptive life cycle?
Agile lifecycles
Change driven lifecycles
Describe a hybrid life cycle?
Combination of a predictive and an adaptive life cycle
Some elements of the project have a predictive lifecycle while others have an adaptive lifecycle
How do project lifecycles work with product lifecycles?
They are independent of one another
What is a product life cycle?
Series of phases that represent the evolution of a product from concept through delivery, growth, maturity and to retirement
How can life cycle flexibility be accomplished?
Identifying the process or processes needed to be performed in each phase
Performing the process or processes identified in the appropriate phase
Adjusting the various attributes of a phase (e.g. name, duration, exit criteria and entrance criteria)
The phases in a lifecycle may be described by a variety of….?
Attributes
What’s another name for phases?
Sub components
Name some ways phases can be described?
Name
Number
Duration
Resource requirements
Entrance requirement for a project to move into a phase
Exit criteria for a project to complete a phase
During a phase gate what are some business documents a projects performance and progress may be compared to?
Project business case
Project charter
Project management plan
Benefits management plan
During a phase gate a decision is made o do what ….?
Continue to the next phase Continue to the next phase with modification End the project Remain in the phase Repeat the phase or elements of it
What are some other names for phase gates?
Phase review Stage gate Kill point Phase entrance Phase exit
The project lifecycle is managed by executing a series of project management activities known as ….?
Project management processes
Project management processes produce what ?
One or more outputs from one or more inputs by using tools and techniques
An output can be?
A deliverable or an outcome
This is an end result of a process.
An output
The output of one process results in either…
An input to another process or
A deliverable of the project or project phase
Project management phases are logically linked through….?
The outputs they produce
What three categories do processes generally fall in?
Processes used once or at predefined points in the project
Processes that are performed periodically as needed
Processes that are performed continuously throughout the project
What is used to group processes?
5 different Process groups
A logical grouping of project management processes to achieve specific project objectives
Project management process groups
What are the five process groups?
Initiating process group Planning process group Executing process group Monitoring and controlling process group Closing process group
What is the initiating process group?
Processes performed to define a new project or a new phase of an existing project by obtaining authorization to start the project phase.
What’s a planning process group?
Those processes performed to define the scope of the project, refine the objectives, and define the course of action required to attain the objectives that the project has undertaken to achieve
What’s the executing process group?
The processes performed to complete the work defined in the project management plan to satisfy the project requirements
What’s the monitoring and controlling process group?
Those processes required to track, review, and regulate the progress and performance of the project; identify any areas in which changes to the plan are required and initiate the corresponding changes
What is a knowledge area?
An identified area of project management defined by its knowledge requirements and described in terms of its component processes, practices, inputs, outputs, and techniques
How many knowledge areas are described in the PMBOK?
10
This includes processes and activities to identify, define, combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project management activities within the project management process groups.
Project integration management
This includes the processes required to ensure the project includes all the work required and only the work required to complete the project successfully
Project scope management
This includes the processes required to manage the timely completion of the project
Project schedule management
This includes the processes involved in planning, estimating, budgeting, financing, funding, managing, and controlling, costs so the project can be completed within the approved budget
Project cost management
This includes the processes for incorporating the organizations quality policy regarding planning managing and controlling project and product quality requirements in order to meet stakeholders expectations.
Project quality management
This includes the processes to identify, acquire, and manage resources needed for successful completion of the project.
Project resource management
This includes processes required to ensure timely and appropriate planning, collection, creation, distribution, storage, retrieval, management, control, monitoring, and ultimate disposition of project information
Project communications method
This includes the processes of conducting risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, response implementation, and monitoring risk on a project
Project risk management
This includes the processes necessary to purchase or acquire products, services, or results needed from outside the project team
Project procurement management
This includes the processes required to identify the people, groups, or organizations that could impact or be impacted by the project, to analyze stakeholders expectations and their impact on the project, and to develop appropriate management strategies for effectively engaging stakeholders in project decisions and execution
Project stakeholder management
What do you call the raw observations and measurements incentivized during activities performed to carry out the project work.
Work performance data
The performance data collected from various controlling processes, analyzed in context and integrated based on relationships across areas.
Work performance information
The physical or electronic representation of work performance information compiled in project documents, which is intended to generate decisions or raise issues, actions, or awareness
Work performance reports
What are some examples of work performance reports?
Status reports Memos Justifications Information notes Electronic dashboards Recommendations Updates
What are some examples of work performance information?
Status of deliverables
Implementation status for change requests
Forecast estimates to complete
What are some examples of performance data?
Reported percent of work physically completed
Quality and technical performance measures
Start and finish dates of schedule activities
Number of change requests
Number of defects
Actual costs
Actual duration
whats a system of practices techniques procedures and rules used by those who work in a discipline.
A methodology
What is it called to select the appropriate project management processes, inputs, tools, techniques, outputs and life cycle phases to manage a project
To tailor project management to the project
What are the two project business documents
- Project business case
- Project benefits management plan
Who is generally responsible for the development and maintenance of the project business case?
The project sponsor
The documented explanation defining the processes for creating, maximizing, and sustaining the benefits provided by a project
Project benefits management plan.
A documented economic feasibility study used to establish the validity of the benefits of a selected component lacking sufficient definition and that is used as a basis for authorization of further project management activities
Project business case
This lists the objectives and reasons for project initiation. It helps measure the project successes at the end of the project against the project objectives. This is used throughout the project life cycle.
The business case
What often precedes the business case
The needs assessment
A business case includes
Business needs
Analysis of the situation
Recommendation
Evaluation
The document that describes how and when the benefits of the project will be delivered and describes the mechanisms that should be in place to measure those benefits.
The project benefits management plan
An outcome of actions behaviors products services or results that provide value to the sponsoring organization as well as to the projects intended beneficiaries
A project benefit
The benefits management plan documents the following
- Target benefits
- Strategic alignment
- Timeframe for realizing benefits
- Benefits owner
- Metrics
- Assumptions
- Risks
Development and maintenance of the project benefits management plan is what type of activity
Iterative
A document issued by the project sponsor that formally authorized the existence of a project and provides the project manager with authority to apply organizational resources the project activities
A project charter
The document that explains how the project will be executed monitored and controlled
The project management plan
What are three questions that key stakeholders and the project manager should answer
What does success look like for the project
How will success be measured
What factors may impact success
