Chapter 5

Question 1

the psychological response to demands when there is something at stake for the individual, and where coping with these demands would tax or exceed the individual’s capacity or resources

Answer 1

stress

Question 2

demands that cause the stress response

Answer 2

stressors

Question 3

negative consequences of the stress response

Answer 3

strains

Question 4

a pattern of behaviors where the leader rewards or disciplines the follower based on performance

Answer 4

transactional theory of stress

Question 5

evaluation of whether a demand is stressful and, if it is, the implications of the stressor in terms of personal goals and well-being

Answer 5

primary appraisal

Question 6

job demands that are not appraised as being stressful

Answer 6

benign job demands

Question 7

stressors that tend to be appraised as thwarting progress toward growth and achievement

Answer 7

hindrance stressors

Question 8

stressors that tend to be appraised as opportunities for growth and achievement

Answer 8

challenge stressors

Question 9

when others have conflicting expectations of what an individual needs to do

Answer 9

role conflict

Question 10

when an individual has a lack of direction and information about what needs to be done

Answer 10

role ambiguity

Question 11

when an employee has too many demands to work effectively

Answer 11

role overload

Question 12

minor day-to-day demands that interfere with work accomplishments

Answer 12

daily hassles

Question 13

the sense that the amount of time allotted to do a job is not quite enough

Answer 13

time pressure

Question 14

the degree to which job requirements tax or just exceed employee capabilities

Answer 14

work complexity

Question 15

the number and importance of the obligations that an employee has to others

Answer 15

work responsibilty

Question 16

a form of role conflict in which the demands of a work role hinder the fulfillment of the demands in a family role (or vice versa)

Answer 16

work-family conflict

Question 17

events such as a divorce or death of a family member that tend to be appraised as a hindrance

Answer 17

negative life events

Question 18

uncertainties with regard to the potential for loss of livelihood, savings, or the ability to pay expenses

Answer 18

financial uncertainty

Question 19

the amount of time committed to fulfilling family responsibilities

Answer 19

family time demands

Question 20

participation in activities outside of work that foster growth and learning

Answer 20

personal development

Question 21

events such as marriage or the birth of a child that tend to be appraised as a challenge

Answer 21

positive life events

Question 22

when people determine how to cope with the various stressors they face

Answer 22

secondary appraisal

Question 23

behaviors and thoughts used to manage stressful demands and the emotions associated with the stressful demands

Answer 23

coping

Question 24

physical activities used to deal with a stressful situation

Answer 24

behavioral coping

Question 25

thoughts used to deal with a stressful situation

Answer 25

cognitive coping

Question 26

behaviors and cognitions of an individual intended to manage the stressful situation itself

Answer 26

problem-focused coping

Question 27

behaviors and cognitions of an individual intended to help manage emotional reactions to stressful demands

Answer 27

emotion-focused coping

Question 28

the emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion from coping with stressful demands on a continuing basis

Answer 28

burnout

Question 29

people who tend to experience more stressors, appraise more demands as stressful, and be prone to experiencing more strains

Answer 29

type a behavior pattern

Question 30

the help people receive from others when they are confronted with stressful demands

Answer 30

social support

Question 31

the help people receive from others that can be used to address a stressful demand directly

Answer 31

instrumental support

Question 32

the empathy and understanding that people receive from others that can be used to alleviate emotional distress from stressful demands

Answer 32

emotional support