Chapter 5 Flashcards
the psychological response to demands when there is something at stake for the individual, and where coping with these demands would tax or exceed the individual’s capacity or resources
stress
demands that cause the stress response
stressors
negative consequences of the stress response
strains
a pattern of behaviors where the leader rewards or disciplines the follower based on performance
transactional theory of stress
evaluation of whether a demand is stressful and, if it is, the implications of the stressor in terms of personal goals and well-being
primary appraisal
job demands that are not appraised as being stressful
benign job demands
stressors that tend to be appraised as thwarting progress toward growth and achievement
hindrance stressors
stressors that tend to be appraised as opportunities for growth and achievement
challenge stressors
when others have conflicting expectations of what an individual needs to do
role conflict
when an individual has a lack of direction and information about what needs to be done
role ambiguity
when an employee has too many demands to work effectively
role overload
minor day-to-day demands that interfere with work accomplishments
daily hassles
the sense that the amount of time allotted to do a job is not quite enough
time pressure
the degree to which job requirements tax or just exceed employee capabilities
work complexity
the number and importance of the obligations that an employee has to others
work responsibilty
a form of role conflict in which the demands of a work role hinder the fulfillment of the demands in a family role (or vice versa)
work-family conflict
events such as a divorce or death of a family member that tend to be appraised as a hindrance
negative life events
uncertainties with regard to the potential for loss of livelihood, savings, or the ability to pay expenses
financial uncertainty
the amount of time committed to fulfilling family responsibilities
family time demands
participation in activities outside of work that foster growth and learning
personal development
events such as marriage or the birth of a child that tend to be appraised as a challenge
positive life events
when people determine how to cope with the various stressors they face
secondary appraisal
behaviors and thoughts used to manage stressful demands and the emotions associated with the stressful demands
coping
physical activities used to deal with a stressful situation
behavioral coping
thoughts used to deal with a stressful situation
cognitive coping
behaviors and cognitions of an individual intended to manage the stressful situation itself
problem-focused coping
behaviors and cognitions of an individual intended to help manage emotional reactions to stressful demands
emotion-focused coping
the emotional, mental, and physical exhaustion from coping with stressful demands on a continuing basis
burnout
people who tend to experience more stressors, appraise more demands as stressful, and be prone to experiencing more strains
type a behavior pattern
the help people receive from others when they are confronted with stressful demands
social support
the help people receive from others that can be used to address a stressful demand directly
instrumental support
the empathy and understanding that people receive from others that can be used to alleviate emotional distress from stressful demands
emotional support
