Chapter 16

Question 1

the shared social knowledge within an organization regarding the rules, norms, and values that shape the attitudes and behaviors of its employees

Answer 1

organizational culture

Question 2

aspects of an organization’s culture that employees and outsiders can easily see or talk about

Answer 2

observable artifacts

Question 3

the images an organization uses, which generally convey messages

Answer 3

symbols

Question 4

the organization’s buildings and internal office designs

Answer 4

physical structures

Question 5

the jargon, slang, and slogans used within an organization

Answer 5

language

Question 6

anecdotes, accounts, legends, and myths passed down from cohort to cohort within an organization

Answer 6

stories

Question 7

the daily or weekly planned routines that occur in an organization

Answer 7

rituals

Question 8

formal event, generally performed in front of an audience of organizational members

Answer 8

ceremonies

Question 9

the beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states

Answer 9

espoused values

Question 10

the ingrained beliefs and philosophies of employees

Answer 10

basic underlying assumptions

Question 11

an organizational culture form in which employees are grouped by the functions they perform for the organization

Answer 11

fragmented cultures

Question 12

an organizational culture type in which employees think alike but are not friendly to one another

Answer 12

mercenary cultures

Question 13

an organizational culture type in which employees are friendly to one another, but everyone thinks differently and does his or her own thing

Answer 13

networked cultures

Question 14

an organizational culture type in which employees are friendly to one another and all think alike

Answer 14

communal cultures

Question 15

a specific culture type focused on service quality

Answer 15

customer service culture

Question 16

a specific culture type focused on the safety of employees

Answer 16

safety culture

Question 17

a specific culture type focused on fostering or taking advantage of a diverse group of employees

Answer 17

diversity culture

Question 18

a specific culture type focused on promoting sustainability both inside and outside of the organization

Answer 18

sustainability culture

Question 19

a specific culture type focused on fostering a creative atmosphere

Answer 19

creativity culture

Question 20

the degree to which employees agree about how things should happen within the organization and behave accordingly

Answer 20

culture strength

Question 21

a culture created within a small subset of the organization’s employees

Answer 21

subcultures

Question 22

when a subculture’s values do not match those of the organization

Answer 22

countercultures

Question 23

a theory (attraction-selection-attrition) that states that employees will be drawn to organizations with cultures that match their personality, organizations will select employees that match, and employees will leave or be forced out when they are not a good fit

Answer 23

ASA framework

Question 24

the primary process by which employees learn the social knowledge that enables them to understand and adapt to the organization’s culture

Answer 24

socialization

Question 25

a stage of socialization that begins as soon as a potential employee develops an image of what it would be like to work for a company

Answer 25

anticipatory stage

Question 26

a stage of socialization beginning the day an employee starts work, during which the employee compares the information as an outsider to the information learned as an insider

Answer 26

encounter stage

Question 27

a mismatch of information that occurs when an employee finds that aspects of working at a company are not what the employee expected it to be

Answer 27

reality shock

Question 28

the final stage of socialization, during which newcomers come to learn the content areas of socialization and internalize the norms and expected behaviors of the organization

Answer 28

understanding and adaptation

Question 29

the degree to which a person’s values and personality match the culture of the organization

Answer 29

person-organization fit

Question 30

the process of ensuring that a potential employee understands both the positive and negative aspects of the potential job

Answer 30

realistic job previews

Question 31

a common form of training during which new hires learn ore about the organization

Answer 31

newcomer orientation

Question 32

the process by which a junior-level employee develops a deep and long-lasting relationship with a more senior-level employee within an organization

Answer 32

mentoring