Chapter 5

Question 1

Simple carbs (saccharides)

Answer 1

monosaccharides and disaccharides

Question 2

Complex carbohydrates

Answer 2

Polysaccharides, glycogen, fiber

Question 3

Hexoses

Answer 3

Glucose (blood sugar)
Fructose (part of sucrose)
Galactose (part of lactose)
Sugar alcohols (xylitol, mannitol, and sorbitol)

Question 4

Pentoses

Answer 4

Ribose and deoxyribose (important for nucleotide-rna and dna- synthesis

Question 5

Disaccharides

Answer 5

2 monosaccharides linked by a condensation reaction

Question 6

Maltose

Answer 6

minor disaccharide

glucose and glucose connected with an alpha bond

Question 7

Lactose

Answer 7

galactose and glucose connected with a beta bond (milk sugar)

Question 8

Sucrose

Answer 8

glucose and fructose connected with an alpha bond (table sugar, fruit sugar)

Question 9

Oligosaccharides

Answer 9

contain 3-10 monosaccharides

cannot be digested by mammalian enzymes, but gut microbes will digest some resulting in farts (raffinose and starchyose)

Question 10

Polysaccharides

Answer 10

contains many glucose molecules

alpha or beta bond determine digestibility

Question 11

Starch

Answer 11

amylose (straight chain) and amylopectin (branched chain)

Question 12

Glycogen

Answer 12

storage form of glucose in human body