Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSPbyMJB > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three purposes of barriers in structural security?

A

1) restrict or impede access, 2) provide continuous protection, 3) deter threats.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name three types of barriers used in security.

A

Exterior perimeter barriers, Exterior of buildings, Interior of buildings.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do barriers psychologically deter adversaries from entering protected areas?

A

By appearing too difficult to compromise.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do barriers control the movement of in security settings?

A

People, animals, and vehicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are natural barriers in security and provide examples?

A

Barriers with naturally occurring features like streams, lakes, cliffs, canyons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the purpose of reinforced concrete walls in security?

A

To protect against penetration, especially of sensitive materials.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why are doors often considered weak barriers in security?

A

Due to functional requirements, hardware, and weaker composition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the average penetration time for standard industrial-type doors?

A

Starts at 10 seconds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the purpose of a panic bar on external doors?

A

To provide one-way egress, often required by fire or building codes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How quickly can wired glass or tempered glass in doors be penetrated?

A

In about 15 to 20 seconds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What type of glazing materials are often used for security purposes?

A

Polycarbonates, such as Lexan, are often used for security purposes due to their impact resistance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How long can approximately half an inch of polycarbonate resist penetration?

A

Approximately 2 minutes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of glazing provides impact resistance and is often recommended for security applications?

A

Polycarbonates, such as Lexan, are often recommended for security applications.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How long can polycarbonate resist thermal tools before penetration?

A

Up to 1 minute.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What function does window film serve in strengthening glazing?

A

Window film strengthens glazing from breakage, blasts, or ballistic penetration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What effect can window film have on the strength of glass?

A

It can strengthen glass more than 300 times its original strength.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are blast curtains used for in relation to windows?

A

Blast curtains may be installed to prevent fragments from entering the room/area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Do blast curtains prevent forced entry into a room?

A

No, blast curtains do not prevent forced entry.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is recommended for new buildings to increase penetration time for windows?

A

Installing narrow windows and vent/duct openings less than 4 inches wide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What should openings larger than 96 square inches receive for protection?

A

Steel bars, grills, wire mesh, expanded metal, or fencing material.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What enhancements can be made to the roof for physical security?

A

Adding rigid insulation, screens, reinforced concrete, fasteners, and more.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where should roof security enhancements typically be installed for cost-effectiveness?

A

Below the roofline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the common types of protective lighting mentioned?

A

Continuous, Glare protection, Standby, Controlled, Movable (portable), Emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the typical height range of light poles in parking areas?

A

12 to 14 feet (3.6 to 4.2 meters)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What type of lighting is commonly used in streetlights?

A

Downward circular pattern projection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What type of lamp is filled with halogen gas and is more efficient than incandescent lamps?

A

Quartz and Quartz-Halogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What category of lighting is mainly used for parking lots and along highways?

A

High Mast Lighting, usually 70 to 150 feet in height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the advantages of fluorescent lamps over incandescent ones?

A

Nearly instant startup, longer lifespan, energy efficiency, and produce less heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the lighting level for open parking lots during daytime?

A

3.0 foot-candles (32 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the recommended lighting level for covered parking structures?

A

5.0 foot-candles (54 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How should the interior of a parking structure be painted to improve light reflection?

A

Light colors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What should be the lighting level at self-parking areas?

A

1.0 foot-candle (11 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What should be the lighting level at vehicle entrances compared to surrounding areas?

A

10.0 foot-candles (108 Lux) or double the surrounding area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What lighting level is recommended for pedestrian entrances?

A

5.0 foot-candles (54 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is the lighting level recommended for building facades?

A

0.5 to 2.0 foot-candles (5 to 22 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the recommended lighting level for safety at entrances?

A

1.5 to 2.0 foot-candles (16 to 22 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What lighting level is suggested for key assets for visual observation?

A

0.2 foot-candles (2 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the lighting level for interior office space?

A

50.0 foot-candles (538 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is the recommended lighting level for attendant parking areas in low activity zones?

A

0.2 foot-candles (2 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What should be the lighting level for cash collection or vehicle access points in an attendant parking area?

A

5.0 foot-candles (54 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What lighting level is recommended for business attractions or customer convenience areas?

A

5.0 foot-candles (54 Lux) or higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the lighting level recommended for perimeter fencing?

A

0.5 foot-candles (5 Lux) illuminated on both sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the lighting standard for interior security officer gatehouses?

A

30.0 foot-candles (323 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the lighting level for exterior security officer gatehouses?

A

2.0 to 5.0 foot-candles (22 to 54 Lux)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

How should the edges of the fence fabric be fastened?

A

Edges of the fence fabric should be fastened to top rail, bottom rail, and/or tension wire using metal wire ties every 24 inches (60.9 cm) or less.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What should be done to fences over 5 feet (1.5 m) high regarding selvages?

A

Fences over 5 feet (1.5 m) high should have selvages knuckled on the bottom, and twisted selvages at the top.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

How should a fence be installed to ensure security?

A

Fence should be installed taut, fastened securely to fence posts, and be within 2 inches (51mm) of hard ground or paving.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What can be used on soft ground and shifting soil to install fence material?

A

Fence material should be installed below the ground surface, or a cement apron can be installed and fence material set in concrete.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

How can chain link material be protected in marine locations?

A

Chain link material can be coated in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin to last longer in marine locations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What are the standard PVC resin colors for fencing?

A

Standard PVC resin colors for fencing are green, black, olive green, and brown.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Why should a clear zone be maintained around the fence line?

A

A clear zone should be maintained around the fence line to improve the effectiveness of the fence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What does a typical top guard consist of?

A

A typical top guard consists of three strands of twisted double-strand barbed wire with 4-point barbs spaced equal distance apart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

How should the top guard installation direction be chosen?

A

The top guard installation direction should be outward or inward (or both) at a 45-degree angle, depending on the protection needed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Why should additional length on outriggers and strands of barbed wire be used on a top guard?

A

Additional length on outriggers and additional strands of barbed wire can be used to increase protection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What factors should be considered when determining the number of gates in a fencing system?

A

The number of gates should be kept to a minimum based on efficient operation and throughput.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What material should gate frames be constructed of?

A

Gate frames should be constructed of tubular members (round or square) and welded at all corners.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What are the benefits of waist high turnstiles in fencing?

A

Waist high turnstiles are mainly for crowd control, collection of admissions, and counting people.

58
Q

Why is expanded metal fencing considered more resistant to forced entry than chain link material?

A

Expanded metal fencing is difficult to cut and offers much greater resistance than chain link material during a forced entry.

59
Q

How is welded wire fencing typically used in security applications?

A

Welded wire fencing is generally used for lower-security applications due to offering less resistance to penetration than expanded metal fencing.

60
Q

What should the light-to-dark ratio ideally be in an illumination design?

A

0.16736111111111107

61
Q

What is brightness defined as?

A

Perception of the amount of light reaching an eye.

62
Q

What does glare refer to?

A

Excessive brightness.

63
Q

What is the measure of an object’s reflectance?

A

The ratio of light falling on it to light being reflected, expressed as a percentage.

64
Q

What is the coefficient of utilization?

A

Ratio of light delivered to surface compared to light from the lamps.

65
Q

What is the minimum reflectance of light recommended for better image quality?

A

As close to 100 percent as possible.

66
Q

How should the reflected light direction align in relation to the camera view?

A

Focused in the same direction as the camera view.

67
Q

What is the detectability factor required for recognition purposes?

A

1.0 FC

68
Q

What is the ideal illuminance for color cameras?

A

High CRI (Color Rendition Index).

69
Q

In which settings does the lighting intensity need to be at 5.0 to 6.0 FC?

A

Stairs, elevators, ramps, and gathering areas.

70
Q

What is a standard fencing system made of?

A

Twisted double-strand barbed wire with 4-point barbs spaced equal distance.

71
Q

How far apart should fence posts be for standard fencing?

A

Not more than 6 feet (1.8 m) apart.

72
Q

What is the height requirement for a standard fencing material excluding the top guard?

A

Must not be less than 7 feet (2.1 m) high.

73
Q

What is the purpose of High-Strength Cable Fence systems?

A

Typically used for vehicle control applications.

74
Q

What is the distance between concrete dead-men anchors for vehicle deflection using High-Strength Cable Fence systems?

A

Usually about 200 feet (61 m).

75
Q

Describe the two forms of electric fencing.

A

1) Live-wire deterrent inducing fear of being shocked. 2) Monitored fence inducing fear of being shocked and triggering an alarm.

76
Q

How many times per minute does electric fencing deliver a pulsed discharge?

A

About 45 times every minute.

77
Q

What is the purpose of installing electric fencing behind another fence system?

A

To prevent accidental touching of the fence.

78
Q

What kind of material is razor wire or concertina wire typically made of?

A

Barbed-tape wire deployed in coils.

79
Q

How far apart should fence posts be for razor wire fencing?

A

Not more than 6 feet (1.8 m) apart.

80
Q

What are concrete block fences primarily used for?

A

Low-to-moderate security protection against penetration.

81
Q

What kind of security do decorative fences provide?

A

High-security, medium security, or lower-security applications.

82
Q

For wooden fences, how wide should the vertical pickets be?

A

Not wider than 1.75 inches (44.45 mm).

83
Q

What is the recommended distance for horizontal sections on wooden fences?

A

Not spaced more than 50 inches (127 cm).

84
Q

What kind of vehicles can easily penetrate most fences by ramming at high speeds?

A

Lightweight vehicles.

85
Q

What is the purpose of blocking barriers?

A

To prevent vehicle access to a protected area.

86
Q

What is the angle of installation for standard metal guardrails as a vehicle barrier?

A

Usually at a 30-degree angle.

87
Q

What are examples of passive structural barriers?

A

Fences, walls, water obstacles, concrete blocks, heavy objects, Jersey barriers

88
Q

Name examples of active structural barriers.

A

Rising or rotating wedge systems, retractable bollards, lift/drop beams, motor operated crash gates

89
Q

What is the typical height range for bollards?

A

Bollard height is typically not more than 30 inches (0.76 m) high, but should not be more than 38 inches (1 m) in height.

90
Q

What is the approximate effective width reduction of a sidewalk due to bollards?

A

Bollards typically reduce the effective width of a sidewalk by 24 inches (0.6 m).

91
Q

How are removable bollards classified in terms of security?

A

Removable bollards are considered to be a lower security fixed type bollard.

92
Q

What is a notable feature of rising wedge barriers?

A

Rising wedge barriers are one of the earliest active barriers developed.

93
Q

What is the effective way to anchor Jersey barriers against vehicle attacks?

A

Jersey barriers must be embedded and vertically anchored using steel rods/plates through the barriers.

94
Q

How should metal posts or railroad ties be positioned to form a barrier?

A

Metal posts or railroad ties should be angled outward at a 30 to 45-degree angle and spaced 4 feet (1.2 m) apart.

95
Q

What is the minimum thickness for a 4-hour fire resistant vault wall using reinforced concrete?

A

8 inches (20.4 cm)

96
Q

Why should vaults not be installed below grade?

A

Due to moisture and the possibility of long-lasting heat effect in case of fire.

97
Q

What is the purpose of using a safe-within-a-safe design?

A

To achieve both burglar resistance and fire resistance in the same safe.

98
Q

Why should unreinforced concrete not be used for protection against forced entry in vaults?

A

It may not provide adequate protection and can lead to failure.

99
Q

What is the recommended strategy for vault security according to the course notes?

A

Using a defense-in-depth strategy with intrusion sensors and video surveillance.

100
Q

Why should vaults have intrusion sensors and video surveillance cameras installed?

A

To enhance security and detect any unauthorized access attempts.

101
Q

What problem can arise with the ‘two-man rule’ for opening and closing vaults according to the notes?

A

One individual watching and learning the combination code of the other person.

102
Q

What should be the minimum distance of illumination to detect human movement recommended in protective lighting?

A

175 yards (160 m)

103
Q

What is the recommended minimum distance to identify a human face during nighttime hours in protective lighting?

A

33 feet (10 m)

104
Q

What term refers to a device used with an electric discharge lamp according to the notes?

A

Ballast

105
Q

What does CRI measure?

A

The effect of light on the appearance of objects.

106
Q

What is a good CRI range?

A

70 to 80.

107
Q

How is efficacy measured?

A

In lumens per watt (LPW).

108
Q

Define Foot-Candle.

A

A measure of how bright light is when it reaches one foot from the source.

109
Q

What does HID stand for?

A

High Intensity Discharge lamp.

110
Q

What is illuminance?

A

The intensity of lighting falling on the surface.

111
Q

What does a lamp consist of?

A

A filament or arc tube, casing, and electrical connectors.

112
Q

Define light trespass.

A

Light pollution in unintended areas.

113
Q

What is a lumen?

A

The volume of light emitted by a lamp.

114
Q

What is a lux?

A

The metric measure of illumination.

115
Q

What is reflectance?

A

The percentage of light being reflected from any given object or surface.

116
Q

What is the main purpose of protective lighting?

A

To serve as a psychological deterrent to intruders, enable detection, assessment, identification, and support video surveillance.

117
Q

What are the benefits of High Pressure Sodium lamps?

A

They are extremely efficient, have a long life, and are cost-effective for open parking lots.

118
Q

Why is Low Pressure Sodium not recommended for video surveillance systems?

A

Low Pressure Sodium lamps have poor color rendition with a 5 CRI rating.

119
Q

What is a key disadvantage of Metal Halide lamps?

A

Metal Halide lamps have a high initial cost, being the most expensive to install and maintain.

120
Q

What are the characteristics of Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps?

A

LED lamps have a high CRI rating, are efficient, but have a high initial cost.

121
Q

Where is Induction Lighting often used?

A

Induction Lighting is often used for parking structures, tunnels, and underpasses.

122
Q

What is the purpose of Infrared illumination in video surveillance?

A

Infrared illumination is used to provide scene illumination for surveillance cameras.

123
Q

Where should protective lighting be located according to the notes?

A

Protective lighting should be located on the property perimeter, all access points, and critical areas like weapon storage.

124
Q

What are the advantages of using Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps?

A

LED lamps provide balanced lighting, even conditions, and efficient visibility.

125
Q

What are the main characteristics of lighting that can affect security effectiveness?

A

The quantity of light and the level of intensity of light.

126
Q

What is the animal control fence height?

A

4 feet (1.2 m)

127
Q

What is the height of a low security fence?

A

5 to 6 feet (1.52 to 1.83 m)

128
Q

What is the minimum height of a medium security fence to deter human penetration?

A

7 feet (2.1 m)

129
Q

What fence height is required for perimeter protection in the cargo industry?

A

6 feet (1.83 m)

130
Q

What is the height of a high-security fence often used in prisons?

A

18 to 20 feet (5.4 to 6 m)

131
Q

What is the most commonly used fence material for security applications?

A

Chain link

132
Q

What tools can easily breach a chain link fence?

A

Blanket, wire cutter, or bolt cutter

133
Q

How far apart should posts be spaced in chain link fencing?

A

Not to exceed 10 feet (3 m) between posts

134
Q

What is the recommended diameter of post holes in chain link fencing?

A

4 times larger than the largest cross section of the post

135
Q

How deep should post holes be in chain link fencing for each foot of increase in fence height over 4 feet?

A

3 inches (76 mm) deeper for each foot (.3 m) of increase in fence height over 4 feet (1.2 m)

136
Q

What type of cement should be used to fill post holes in solid rock for chain link fencing?

A

Non-shrinkable hydraulic cement

137
Q

When are braces needed in chain link fencing?

A

For all fence fabric over 6 feet (1.83 m) high

138
Q

How can the time to penetrate a door frame be increased by 3 to 4 times?

A

Installing wood cores like redwood cores in the frame.

139
Q

What type of lock can eliminate prying attacks on doors?

A

Double-cylinder high security bolt lock.

140
Q

What should be done to prevent chiseling and wire-hooking of panic bars on doors?

A

Install a drill-resistant bent metal plate.

141
Q

What type of glass is highly frangible and breaks into large shards when broken?

A

Annealed glass or plate glass.

142
Q

What kind of glass falls apart into pieces without sharp edges when broken?

A

Tempered glass like automobile side door windows.

PSPbyMJB (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions