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Immunology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

Antigen Recignition by T Lymphocytes

1
Q

Is TCR similar to BCR

A

yes

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2
Q

what does TCR have that BCR does now

A

alpha chain beta chain that does antigen binding

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3
Q

does tcr have a transmembrane region

A

yes

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4
Q

the red part on the t cell binds both what

A

MHC and peptide

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5
Q

does TCR undergo VDJ recomincation

A

yes

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6
Q

what are the two classes of t-cell receptor

A

alpha beta
gamma delta

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7
Q

gamma is equivalent to alpha which is equivalent to

A

light chain

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8
Q

delta is equivalent to beta which is equivalent to

A

heavy chain

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9
Q

where is the delta chain located on tcr

A

in between v and j

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10
Q

if the alpha chain starts the process it kicks out what chain entirely

A

delta

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11
Q

what do gamma delta tcrs bind

A

glycolipids presented by CD1 molecules instead of peptides presented on MHC

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12
Q

are b cells or t cells more diverse

A

t cells

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13
Q

total diversity is added afterwards with what

A

somatic hypermutation

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14
Q

TCR=

A

binding domain

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15
Q

what is the signal domain

A

CD3 and zeta chain

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16
Q

do you need both zeta and CD3 to work

A

yes

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17
Q

major histocompatibility complex genes encoded in the

A

human leukocyte antigen locus

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18
Q

the whole region is

A

HLA locus

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19
Q

class II HLA involves what

A

MHCII and other genes involving Ag processing and presentation

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20
Q

class I HLA encodes what

A

MHCI genes

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21
Q

MHCI is on all

A

nucleated cells

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22
Q

are red blood cells nonucleated

A

yes

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23
Q

what is present to CD8 and T cells

A

MHCI

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24
Q

what helps with intracellular infection/ antigens

A

MHCI

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25
Q

in MHCI Ag are broken down in

A

cytoplasm

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26
Q

professional Ag- presenting cell is what complex

A

MHCII

27
Q

MHCII recognizes what

A

B cells
macrophages
dendritic cells

28
Q

what is present to CD4 (helper) T cells

A

MHCII

29
Q

what has antigens from extracellular infections

A

MHCII

30
Q

in MHCII Ag are broken down in

A

endosomes (phagosome)

31
Q

TCRs bind both what

A

MHC and antigen

32
Q

CD T cell recognizes viral antigens presented by …

A

MHC class I on virus-infected cell

33
Q

CD8 T cells does what to the virus-infected epithelial cell

A

kills

34
Q

CD4 T cell recognizes bacterial antigens presented by…

A

MHC class II on a macrophage

35
Q

what does CD4 T cell secrete that activate the macrophage, increasing its capacity to kill bacteria

A

cytokines

36
Q

CD4 T cell recognizes bacterial antigens presented by MHC class II on a

A

B cell

37
Q

CD$ T cells secretes cytokines that drive the differentiation of the B cell into a….

A

plasma cell making bacteria-specific antibodies

38
Q
A
39
Q

Co- receptors bind what domain of MHC molecules

A

Ig-like

40
Q

target cell of CD8 T cell binds

A

alpha 3

41
Q

antigen presenting cell of CD4 T cell binds

A

beta 2

42
Q

emoty MHC molecule has what kind of binding

A

promiscuous

43
Q

what does promiscuous binding mean

A

MHC molecule bind in non-sequence specific manner which binds multiple peptides

44
Q

MHC class I and bound peptide has what kind of conformatioin

A

closed

45
Q

does MHC class I and bound peptide have open or closed ends

A

closed

46
Q

what is the limit size of mhc class I and bound peptide

A

8-10 aa

47
Q

MHC class I and bound peptide has anchor residues at 2/9 of peptide and these bind

A

2 a.a. on MHC in groove

48
Q

MHC class II and bound peptide has what type of conformation

A

open ends

49
Q

length of MHC class II and bound peptide

A

10-25 a.a. in length

50
Q

about how many a.a in groove and where do the rest go?

A

about ten a.a. and the rest hang over

51
Q

how many residues of the peptide that bind a.a. in the groove

A

3-4

52
Q

basic antigen processing and presentation MHC I

A
  1. Ag in cytoplasm
  2. breakdown antigen
  3. load into MHC
  4. present peptide to a T cell
53
Q

basic antigen processing and presentation MHC II

A
  1. Ag taken up
  2. break down Ag
  3. Ag loaded onto MHC II
54
Q

in basic antigen processing and presentation MHCII, antigen is taken up from extracellular space into

A

intracellular vesiscles

55
Q

in basic antigen processing and presentation MHCII, in early endosomes of neutral pH, what are inactive

A

endosomal proteases

56
Q

in basic antigen processing and presentation MHCII, acidification of vesicles activates proteases to degrade antigen into

A

peptide fragments

57
Q

in basic antigen processing and presentation MHCII, vesicles containing peptides fuse. with

A

vesicles containing MHC class II

58
Q

3 steps in AG for NHC I antigen processing and presentation

A
  1. cell infected
  2. Ag will be broken down by immunoproteosome
  3. TAP will transport peptides from cytoplasm to ER
59
Q

3 steps in MHC for MHC I antigen processing and presentation

A
  1. MHC is translated and sent to the ER
  2. MHC assemble w/ calnexin as chaperone from beta-2 microglobin
  3. MHC assembles the peptide loading complex MHC+ calreticulin+ tapasain+ ERP57
60
Q

step, 4,5,6, for MHC I antigen processing and presentation

A
  1. peptide loading complex sample peptides that enter ER-> pick peptide that is good fit
  2. ERP57 will trim the peptide down to 8-10 aa
  3. MHC and peptide will get secreted to cell surface
61
Q

what is immunoproteosome induced by

A

IFNdelta

62
Q

what do immunoproteosome generate

A

peptides that are 8+ aa w hydrophobic basic a.a. @ c terminus

63
Q

what does ERP57 do

A

trim

Immunology (14 decks)

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