Chapter 5 Flashcards
Epithelial cells
Thin, flattened, and tightly packed cells that replicate quickly and do not contain blood vessels. Skin cells.
Basement membrane
This membrane acts like glue, holding the epithelial tissue to other types of tissues and containing the heart.
Simple epithelium
contains one layer of cells
stratified epithelium
contains multiple layers of cells.
Cuboidal cells
Either round or square
Squamous cells
Thin and scaly, thin covering
Columnar cells
Tall and thin, large cushion
Goblet cells
Wine-glass shaped cells that secrete mucus, sweat, and other fluids to protect the mucus membranes of organs. Found in endocrine glands.
Pseudostratified columnar
Taller and shorter cells that may appear to be more than one layer because the nuclei don’t line up. However, if you look closely, you’ll see that every cell is connected to the basement membrane.
Simple columnar
Tall, thin cells that are longer than they are wide. Nuclei line up along the basement membrane. Found in the stomach and the large and small intestines. This type of cell is also able to secrete digestive fluids.
Simple squamous
Thin, flattened cells with broad, thin nuclei. Found in the walls of capillaries and vessels, body cavity membranes, and the air sacs in the lungs.
Simple cuboidal
Round or square cells with centrally located nuclei. Found in the kidneys, ovaries, and some ducts.
Stratified columnar
Several layers of cells; longer near the surface, while the cells near the basement membrane are more cuboidal.
Stratified squamous
Thick layers of tissue composed of many layers of cells. Cells near the surface are thinner while those closer to the basement membrane may appear more cuboidal. Found on the outer layers of the skin.
Stratified cuboidal
Two or three layers of cuboidal cells. Found in larger ducts of the mammary, sweat, and salivary glands and in the pancreas.
Dense connective tissue
A fibrous connective tissue with very little space for matrix and high concentration of fibers. Ligaments and tendons, dermis, exterior of bones
Adipose tissue
Fat-storing tissue. Body’s energy storehouse.
Reticular connective tissue
Fibers that create spongy connective tissue found in the middle of bones. Nymph nodes, spleen, thymys, and bone marrow. Spongy
collagenous fibers
Strong fibrous connective tissue.
Elastic fibers
Stretchy fibers made up of the protein elastin that help make connective tissue stretchy.
Loose connective tissue
Composed of less dense and more gel-like fluid; many organs and in blood vessels, nerves, and small spaces in muscles
Collagen
Bundled protein in the connective tissue fibers and in bone matrix.
Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
The collagen stretches beyond its normal limits, leading to problems such as overly loose joints, weak blood vessels, and/or hyper-elastic skin.
Marfan Syndrome
Marfan syndrome is caused by a defect in the gene that determines the structure of connective tissue
The affected individual may be unusually tall, have long limbs and fingers, a curved spine, and a protruding chest.
Supportive connective tissue
It consists of bone and cartilage. These tissues hold you upright and keep your body’s form.
Spongy bone
Bone that contains irregular spaces.