Chapter 1 Flashcards
Developmental anatomy
considers anatomical changes over time
Gross anatomy studies
organs from a systemic or regional perspective
Surface anatomy
superficial structures to locate internal structures
Pathology
concerned with all aspects of disease
Six organizational levels within the body
chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, and organism.
Homeostasis
Condition in which body functions, body fluids, and other factors of the internal environment are maintained at levels suitable to support life.
Negative-feedback mechanisms
maintain homeostasis by stopping a response once a variable has returned to its set point
Positive-feedback mechanisms
usually result in deviations farther from the set point. A few of these mechanisms are normal for homeostasis; some can be harmful.
Feedback loop
(1) receptor, (2) control center, and (3) effector.
Sagittal
(right and left),
transverse
(superior and inferior),
Frontal
(anterior and posterior).
Superior vs. inferior
Above vs below
Cephalic
Caudal
Closer to the head vs. closer to the tail
Anterior
Posterior
front vs. back