Chapter 49 Flashcards
Christian Neefe
taught Beethoven starting at the age of 11 composition, he was a court musician
Ferdinand Waldstein
a count in Bonn that supported Beethoven
WoO numbers
Stands for Werk ohne Opuszahl or work without opus number, a number given in a catalog of a composer’s works designating those pieces lacking a traditional opus number; first used in the 1955 catalog of Beethoven’s works compiled by Georg Kinsky and Hans Halm
French Revolution
German lands’ armies marching on France in 1789 to try to protect the French king and the Austrian provinces in what is now Belgium
Improvisation
playing or singing without reference to an existing musical composition
Carl Czerny
a student of Beethoven’s
Fantasia
an imaginative composition the exact nature of which depends on the period of origin; in earlier eras these were usually contrapuntal works; later, the term suggested an improvisatory piece in free form, or sometimes pieces incorporating pre-existing theme
Sonata-Rondo form
a design often found in the finales of symphonies and concertos of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that merges elements of sonata-allegro and rondo forms
Episode (in rondo form)
a passage in a musical work occurring between other passages that have more central thematic importance
What is normally the form of the the first movement of a sonata?
sonata allegro
What is normally the form of the second movement of a sonata?
ternary or theme and variations
What is normally the form of the third movement of a sonata?
rondo
Where did Beethoven add his fourth movement and what was it that he added?
He made it the third movement and it was either a scherzo, minuet, or march
How would Beethoven put the piano?
towards the orchestra with the lid removed
What are the dates for the Bonn period?
1770-1792
Why did the Bonn period end when it did?
Because Beethoven was sent to Vienna to study with Haydn by Ferdinand Waldstein.
What were Beethoven’s dates?
1770-1827
Who was his first teacher?
Christian Neefe taught him composition when he was 11
First job?
At age 13 he was paid to be the assistant court organist
What happened in 1787?
He left to study with Mozart in Vienna but he came back almost immediately because his mother became ill.
How many pieces did Beethoven write in the Bonn Period?
50, mostly including the piano
What were the dates of the early period?
1792-1802
Who taught him counterpoint?
Albrechtsberger and Schenk
Who taught him violin?
Schuppanzigh
Who taught him vocal composition?
Salieri
How many piano sonatas did he write in the early period?
20 sonatas out of his 32
How many of his concerti did he write during the early period?
2 of his 5
How many sets of Variations did he write during the early period?
13
How many string quartets did he write in the early period?
Around 8
What were some changes that Beethoven made to the sonata?
not all symmetrical so going away from the galant style, and adding a fourth movement to around half of his sonatas
What is the real name of the Pathetique sonata?
Op. 13, Sonata no. 8 in c minor
When was the Pathetique sonata written?
1798
What is the form of the first movement of the Pathetique sonata? Explain innovations he made to this form.
sonata-allegro form, intro is sad and it is part of the exposition so it comes back three different times, his themes also overlap more
Explain the second movement of the Pathetique sonata.
delicate, ternary form, alberti bass, chromaticism, melody could be played with one finger
What is the relationship in tempo of the three movements of the Moonlight sonata?
slow/faster/fastest
When was the Piano Concerto no. 1 in C Major written?
1795
What form did the finale of the piano concerto have? Explain it.
sonata-rondo form, no intro, limited rondo form, almost mono-thematic, and Beethoven learned it from Mozart
When did Beethoven start going deaf?
1802-1803
What was bothering him in 1798
a constant buzzing, couldn’t hear high, loud hurt
