Chapter 45

Question 1

Esterhazy family

Answer 1

rich, influential family of aristocrats who is German-speaking and live in Hungary, own 10 million acres of southeast Vienna

Question 2

Baryton

Answer 2

like a viola da gamba only with 6 strings, Nikolaus Esterhazy played it

Question 3

Minuet

Answer 3

in rounded binary form and coupled with a matching rounded binary movement called the trio

Question 4

Minuet and trio

Answer 4

paired together in classical period

Question 5

Concertante

Answer 5

concerto-like approach, individual instruments regularly emerge from the orchestral texture to function as soloists

Question 6

“Farewell” Symphony

Answer 6

best-known programmatic work of Haydn’s, had each instrumentalist leave one by one but first extinguished their candles

Question 7

Sturm and Drang

Answer 7

a small but significant group of works written around 1770 that are marked by agitated, impassioned writing, minor keys, angular themes, syncopation, string tremolos, sudden dynamic changes, and scale-like violin runs

Question 8

Scherzo

Answer 8

used to be called minuet, downbeat is often placed out of sync, so syncopations and hemiolas were common

Question 9

“Bird” Quartet

Answer 9

nickname for Opus 33, No. 3, strings sound like birds chirping and pecking their way across the musical landscape

Question 10

“Emperor” Quartet

Answer 10

nickname for Opus 76, No. 3, about the political and military events of the Napoleonic Wars

Question 11

The Emperor’s Hymn

Answer 11

Used as Austrian national anthem, in honor of Austrian Emperor Franz II, first sung in theaters throughout the Austrian realm on the Emperor’s birthday 2/12/1797

Question 12

Haydn’s life dates

Answer 12

1732-1809

Question 13

Where was Haydn born?

Answer 13

born in a farmhouse in Rohrau, Austria and his father was a wheelwright

Question 14

Where did Haydn have his first childhood influences?

Answer 14

choirboy at the St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna and he also studied composition, violin, and keyboard until age 17

Question 15

Haydn’s marriage

Answer 15

Married Anna Keller in 1760, but was an unhappy marriage, no kids, and he had an affair

Question 16

Who were Haydn’s employers?

Answer 16

Nikolaus Esterhazy, Salomon

Question 17

Colleagues and Students

Answer 17

Met and was influenced by Mozart and taught Beethoven

Question 18

Cities Haydn is associated with

Answer 18

Esterhaza, Vienna, and London

Question 19

Genres Haydn composed were…and how many?

Answer 19

Baryton trios (126), string quartets (68), keyboard sonatas (47), concerti (17), symphonies (108), operas (26), sacred music (23), masses (14), oratorios (6)

Question 20

Contributions to genres

Answer 20

one of the first bilingual oratorios, created the string quartet, father of symphonies because he wrote so many not because he created the genre

Question 21

Teachers of Haydn

Answer 21

Johann Matthias Franck in Hainburg, Austria