Chapter 49

Question 1

Excreted waste products of digestion

Answer 1

Feces / Stool

Question 2

Is generally about 125 to 150cm long; comprised of seven parts: cecum, ascending, transverse and descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum and anus

Answer 2

Large intestine

Question 3

Pouches on the large intestine

Answer 3

Haustra

Question 4

The act of taking in food

Answer 4

Ingestion

Question 5

Waste products leaving the stomach into the small intestine

Answer 5

Chyme

Question 6

As much as ______ ml of chyme passes into the large intestine and all but _____ ml gets reabsorbed in the proximal half of the colon

Answer 6

1500; 100

Question 7

Largely air and the by-products of carb digestion

Answer 7

Flatus

Question 8

Movement of chyme back and forth in the haustra; aids in the absorption of water

Answer 8

Haustral churning

Question 9

wavelike movement produced by circular and longitudinal muscle fibers of intestinal walls; propels contents forward

Answer 9

Peristalsis

Question 10

The rectum of the adult is usually _____ to ____ cm long

Answer 10

10, 15

Question 11

Distension of veins

Answer 11

hemorrhoids

Question 12

Expulsion of feces; frequency and volume is highly individual

Answer 12

Bowel movement / defecation

Question 13

True or False Normal feces is about 75% water and 25% solid mass

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True or False An adult usually produces 7 to 10L of gas every 24 hours in the large intestine

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Meconium is first fecal material passed; pass stool frequently;

Answer 15

Newborns and Infants

Question 16

Defecation control begins at 1.5 to 2 years of age; Daytime control is attained by 2.5 years of age, typically

Answer 16

Toddlers

Question 17

Increased peristalsis of the colon after food has entered the stomach

Answer 17

Gastrocolic reflex

Question 18

True or False Healthy fecal elimination usually requires a daily fluid intake of 2000 to 3000ml

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Medications that stimulate bowel activity and assist fecal elimination

Answer 19

Laxatives

Question 20

Temporary cessation of intestinal movement

Answer 20

Ileus

Question 21

Four common problems related to fecal elimination

Answer 21

Constipation, diarrhea, bowel incontinence and flatulence

Question 22

fewer than three bowel movements per week

Answer 22

Constipation

Question 23

Mass or collection of hardened feces in the folds of the rectum

Answer 23

Fecal impaction

Question 24

Passage of liquid feces and increased frequency of defecation

Answer 24

Diarrhea

Question 25

Loss of voluntary ability to control feces; may be partial (prevent minor soiling) or major (inability to control feces of normal consistency); prevalence increases with age

Answer 25

Bowel incontinence / fecal incontinence

Question 26

Presence of excessive flatus in the intestines; leads to stretching and inflation of the intestines

Answer 26

Flatulence

Question 27

Opening for the gastrointestinal, urinary or respiration tract onto the skin

Answer 27

Ostomy

Question 28

Opening through the abdominal wall into the stomach

Answer 28

Gastrostomy

Question 29

Opening through the abdominal wall into the jejunum

Answer 29

Jejunostomy

Question 30

Opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum

Answer 30

Ileostomy

Question 31

Opening through the abdominal wall into the colon

Answer 31

Colostomy

Question 32

Opening created in the abdominal wall by the ostomy; generally red in color and moist

Answer 32

Stoma

Question 33

Created when one end of bowel is brought out through an opening onto the anterior abdominal wall; referred to as an end or terminal colostomy

Answer 33

Single stoma

Question 34

Loop of bowel is brought out and supported by a plastic bridge

Answer 34

Loop colostomy

Question 35

Two edges of bowel are brought out, but separated from each other

Answer 35

Divided colostomy

Question 36

Resembles a double barreled shotgun

Answer 36

double barreled colostomy

Question 37

Portable chair with toilet seat and receptacle beneath

Answer 37

Commode

Question 38

Drugs that induce defecation; includes suppositories

Answer 38

Cathartics

Question 39

Herbal oils known to help expel gas from the stomach and intestine

Answer 39

Carminatives

Question 40

Solution introduced into the rectum and large intestine increasing peristalsis and excretion of feces and flatus

Answer 40

Enema

Question 41

Isotonic solutions are considered to the ______ enema solution to use

Answer 41

safest