Chapter 46 Flashcards
physical and emotional experience, response to actual or potential damage to the tissue and is described in terms of said damage; interferes with functional abilities and quality of life
Pain
____ % of adults have experienced pain lasting more than 24 hours in the lost month/
26
What is the percentage of adults with some form of chronic pain
33 to 50%
To spread or extend
Radiate
To appear to arise in different areas
Referred
Pain arising from organs or hollow viscera
Visceral pain
Pain that only exist through the expected recovery time is referred to as
Acute pain
Also referred to as persistent pain; prolonged and usually recurs or last 3 months or longer; interferes with functioning
Chronic pain
Pain arising from organs or hollow viscera; characterized by cramping, throbbing, pressing or aching qualities.
Visceral pain
Also referred to as persistent pain; prolonged and usually recurs or last 3 months or longer; interferes with functioning
Chronic pain
True or False, acute and chronic pain elicit the same physiological and behavioral response
False, different
May result from the direct effects of the disease and treatment
Cancer pain
Pain in the 1 to 3 range
Mild
Pain in the 4 to 6 range
Moderate
Pain in the 7 to 10 range
Severe
Experienced when an intact, properly functioning nervous system send signals that tissues are damaged, requiring attention and proper care
Nociceptive pain
This type of pain originates in the skin, muscles, bone, or connective tissue
Somatic pain
Pain that is associated with damaged or malfunctioning nerves due to illness; typically chronic; described as burning, tingling, dull and aching; difficult to treat
Neuropathic pain
Type of neuropathic pain following damage to peripheral nerves; examples include phantom limb pain and carpel tunnel syndrome
Peripheral neuropathic pain
Type of neuropathic pain occurs when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the sympathetic nervous system create problems with the pain and sympathetically controlled functions which include the temperature and regulation of blood flow.
Sympathetically maintained pain
Type of neuropathic pain occurs when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the sympathetic nervous system create problems with the pain and sympathetically controlled functions which include the temperature and regulation of blood flow.
Sympathetically maintained pain
Least amount of stimuli that is need for a person to label a sensation as pain; may vary slightly from person to person; may be related to age, gender or race
Pain threshold
Maximum amount of painful stimuli that a person is willing to withstand without seeking avoidance of the pain or relief; varies considerably from person to person
Pain tolerance
Denotes heightened responses to a painful stimuli
Hyperalgesia / Hyperpathia
Non painful stimuli that produce pain
Allodynia
Unpleasant abnormal sensation; mimics the pathology of central neuropathic pain disorder.
Dysesthesia
This nervous system includes specialized primary sensory neurons that detect mechanical, thermal or chemical conditions associated with potential tissue damage
Peripheral
Physiological processes related to pain perception
Nociception
Four process involved with nociception:
Transduction, transmission, perception and modulation
Specialized pain receptors
Nociceptors
Specialized pain receptors
Nociceptors
ethnic and cultural values, developmental stage, environment, support people, previous pain experiences, meaning of the current pain
Factors that affect a persons perception / reaction to pain
ethnic and cultural values, developmental stage, environment, support people, previous pain experiences, meaning of the current pain
Factors that affect a persons perception / reaction to pain
chronic pain affects ___ to ___ % of older clients living in the community and ____ to ____% in nursing homes
25 to 50; 45 to 80
chronic pain affects ___ to ___ % of older clients living in the community and ____ to ____% in nursing homes
25 to 50; 45 to 80
Children as young as _____ can accurately report the location and intensity of their pain
3
Least amount of stimuli that is need for a person to label a sensation as pain; may vary slightly from person to person; may be related to age, gender or race; does not appear to change with age
Pain threshold
Children as young as _____ can accurately report the location and intensity of their pain
3
True or False, A strange environment can compound pain
True
True or False, A strange environment can compound pain
True
Two major components of pain assessment
pain history to obtain facts from the client; direct observation of behaviors, physical signs of tissue damage and secondary physiological responses
