Chapter 44: Ecological Communities Flashcards

1
Q

Species Composition

A

The identities of all the species that make up a given ecological community

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2
Q

Succession

A

A series of predictable changes in species composition in a community following a disturbance.

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3
Q

Ecological Transition

A

A transition from one ecological community to a different community following a disturbance

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4
Q

Community Function

A

The measure of inputs and outputs within an ecological community

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5
Q

How is community function measured?

A

It is measured by the amount of energy or matter that moves into and out of the community per unit of time = flux

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6
Q

Flux/Flow Rate

A

Reflects an exchange between the community and its environment

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7
Q

Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)

A

Is the total amount of energy that primary producers convert to chemical energy

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8
Q

Net Primary Productivity (NPP)

A

Is the energy contained in tissues of primary producers and is available for consumption

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9
Q

Biomass

A

The mass of a sample of biological tissue, living or dead

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10
Q

Ecological Efficiency

A

The percentage of the energy contained in the biomass of one trophic level that is incorporated into biomass in the next trophic level

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11
Q

Disturbance

A

is an event that causes sudden environmental changes

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12
Q

On average, what is the total amount of energy incorporated into the biomass of a trophic level per unit of time?

A

Is about 10% that of the level it consumes

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13
Q

Niche

A

Is used to define an organism’s role in an ecosystem and also includes the organism’s “job” in that environment

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14
Q

Species diversity

A

Measure the change that two individuals in a community are the same species

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15
Q

What are the two components of species diversity?

A
  1. Species richness

2. Species evenness

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16
Q

Species Richness

A

The number of species in the community

17
Q

Species evenness

A

The distribution of species’ abundances